Medieval and modern times : an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . ased,and the Hapsburgs were able to regain the whole territory ofHungary and Transylvania, their possessions of which wasformally recognized by the Sultan in 1699. The conquest of Silesia by Frederick the Great was morethan a severe blow to the pride of Maria Theresa; for, since itwas inhabited by Germans, its loss lessened the Hapsburgpower inside the empire^ In extent of territory the Hapsburgsmore than made up for it by the partitions of Poland, but sin
Medieval and modern times : an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . ased,and the Hapsburgs were able to regain the whole territory ofHungary and Transylvania, their possessions of which wasformally recognized by the Sultan in 1699. The conquest of Silesia by Frederick the Great was morethan a severe blow to the pride of Maria Theresa; for, since itwas inhabited by Germans, its loss lessened the Hapsburgpower inside the empire^ In extent of territory the Hapsburgsmore than made up for it by the partitions of Poland, but sincethe Poles were an alien race, they added one more difficulty to Rise of Russia and Prussia ; Austria 421 the very difficult problem of ruling so many different peoples, Peopleseach of whom had a different language and different Se^Hap ^and institutions. The Hapsburg possessions were inhabited by ^S^Germans in Austria proper, a Slav people (the Czechs) mix^dwith Germans in Bohemia and Moravia, Poles in Galicia, Hun>garians or Magyars along with Roumanians and smallergroups of other peoples in Hungary, Croats and Slovenes. FiG. 113. Maria Theresa (both Slavs) in the south, Italians in Milan and Tuscany, andFlemish and Walloons in the Netherlands. Maria Theresa ruled these races with energy and skill. She Enlightenedpatiently attended to all the tiresome matters of State, read Theresa milong documents and reports, and conferred with the ambassa- ^°^^P^ ^dors of foreign After her long reign of forty yearsher son Joseph, who had already been elected emperor asJoseph II, tried in the ten years of his rule (i780-1790) tomodernize these backward states of southeastern Europe by aseries of sweeping rfeforms. He was a very enlightened man and 422 Medieval and Modern Times Joseph IIsreforms with something of the impetuous zeal of Peter the Great triedto sweep away at once the old abuses of feudalism, to introducemore general education, and to lessen the power of th
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Keywords: ., bookauthorrobinson, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1919
