. Diseases of the nervous system : for the general practitioner and student. here, viz. increased knee-jerks and Achilles tendonreflex, ankle-clonus, Babinskis phenomenon, Oppenheims and paradox-ical reflexes. SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 257 The sensations, the state of the bladder and rectum, the consistencyand electrical reactions of the affected muscles are all normal. Family Spastic Paralysis.—The spastic paraplegia just described maysometimes be found in several members of the same family. Strumpellwas the first to call attention to this occurrence. In the majority of casesthe male members are mor
. Diseases of the nervous system : for the general practitioner and student. here, viz. increased knee-jerks and Achilles tendonreflex, ankle-clonus, Babinskis phenomenon, Oppenheims and paradox-ical reflexes. SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 257 The sensations, the state of the bladder and rectum, the consistencyand electrical reactions of the affected muscles are all normal. Family Spastic Paralysis.—The spastic paraplegia just described maysometimes be found in several members of the same family. Strumpellwas the first to call attention to this occurrence. In the majority of casesthe male members are more frequently affected than the female. Thedisease usually appears between fifteen and thirty years of age. In onefamily that came under my observation there were seven members affectedwith spastic paralysis: four of them began to show the spasticity at theage of three; six of them were males and one a female. In families thusaffected there is usually present some degenerative basis; either insanities,various neuroses or alcoholism, consanguinity, syphilis. The symptoms. Fig. 84. Lateral Sclerosis. (Original.) are the same as described above. The feet are frequently deformed andmay present all forms of deformation, most frequently lower extremities are mainly involved. The upper ones are rarelyaffected. In some cases this type of the disease remains unchanged until theend of the patients life, but in the majority of cases, years after theonset, new symptoms develop and usually the symptomatology of multiplesclerosis becomes apparent. The involvement of upper extremities,the staccato speech, the intention tremor, nystagmus, optic atrophy—allare typical of the latter affection. It is interesting to note that theintelligence is invariably intact. Closely allied to family spastic paralysis stands Littles disease, which17 258 SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA is a cerebro-spinal involvement of the pyramidal tracts, but the cerebralsymptoms which are usually present from the very
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectnervous, bookyear1913
