Soils and fertilizers . ity ofa dry sand and clay. (See Fig. 8.) Materials. — Torsion balance, dry soils and a 100 ; graduatedcylinder. Procedure. — Apparent specific gravity is the weight of dry soilcompared to the weight of the same volume of water. Weigh the 100 graduate in grams, then fill to the 100 with loose sand. Weigh and calculate the weight of the sandin grams. The weight of the sand divided by 100 (the weight of100 of water in grams) will give the apparent specific gravity ofthe loose sand. Now compact the sand as much as possible byjarring and read volume. Di
Soils and fertilizers . ity ofa dry sand and clay. (See Fig. 8.) Materials. — Torsion balance, dry soils and a 100 ; graduatedcylinder. Procedure. — Apparent specific gravity is the weight of dry soilcompared to the weight of the same volume of water. Weigh the 100 graduate in grams, then fill to the 100 with loose sand. Weigh and calculate the weight of the sandin grams. The weight of the sand divided by 100 (the weight of100 of water in grams) will give the apparent specific gravity ofthe loose sand. Now compact the sand as much as possible byjarring and read volume. Divide the weight of the sand by thisvolume to obtain the apparent specific gravity of the sand compact. TEXTURE AND STRUCTURE OF SOILS 49 Determine in the same way the apparent specific gravity of theclay when loose and when compact. Compare the figures from each soil and explain the reasons forthe differences observed. Calculate the weight per cubic foot and acre foot of the sand andclay when loose and when Fig. 8. — Equipment for the determination of the apparent specificgravity of soil, consisting of a balance, a set of weights and a 100 gradu-ated cylinder. Exercise VIII. — Calculation of pore space. Materials. — Data from Exercise VII. Procedure. — Using as the absolute specific gravity of soilsand the data from the preceding exercise, calculate the pore spaceon loose and compact clay and sand respectively by means of thefollowing formula. % pore space ^ Labs. sp. gr. 1 J Be ready to explain the reasons and significance of the resultsobtained. Ap. sp. gr. means apparent specific gravity. Abs. sp. gr. means absolutespecific gravity. E 50 SOILS AND FERTILIZERS Exercise IX. — A study of the plow. Material. — Garden plow and team. Procedure. — Study the plow by following the diagram in Fig. the mold board, point, share, landside, shin, heel beam,coulter and clevis. Adjust the plow to various widths and depths of furrow slice,trjring
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