. Blood-sucking mosquitoes of the subtribe Culisetina (Diptera, Culicidae) in world fauna. Mosquitoes. 79. Fig. 45. Structure of hypopharynx in the 4th instar larva of Culiseta incidens (after Cook, 1949). d—dorsal view; v— ventral surface. broken by the striking of the maxillary teeth on the large teeth of the mentum as on an anvil. Closely associated with the sclerotized pha- ryngeal rings and valves, the hypopharynx additionally controls to some extent the pharyngeal tube and the swallowing of the food. In sum, the 4th instar larvae of all members of Culisetina studied can be placed in 3 gr
. Blood-sucking mosquitoes of the subtribe Culisetina (Diptera, Culicidae) in world fauna. Mosquitoes. 79. Fig. 45. Structure of hypopharynx in the 4th instar larva of Culiseta incidens (after Cook, 1949). d—dorsal view; v— ventral surface. broken by the striking of the maxillary teeth on the large teeth of the mentum as on an anvil. Closely associated with the sclerotized pha- ryngeal rings and valves, the hypopharynx additionally controls to some extent the pharyngeal tube and the swallowing of the food. In sum, the 4th instar larvae of all members of Culisetina studied can be placed in 3 groups and 5 classes according to the structure and function of the oral organs (Table 3). 65 The larva of Allotheobaldia longiareolata has a special position and can tentatively be placed in the first group of periphytophages, with some liberal interpretation. The larvae of the younger stages, while preserving the essential features of the mouth parts typical of the species, differ in their relatively greater primitiveness. The mouth parts, especially in lar- vae of the 1st and 2nd instars can be considered an intermediary type with a predominant tendency to filter feeding. Thorax: In the larvae of Culisetina, as in all other mosquitoes, the thoracic segments are completely fused. The width of the thorax noticeably exceeds that of the head in the subgenus Culiseta s. str. in which the mean values of the head-thorax index (percentage ratio of the maximum width of head to the maximum width of thorax) vary in the different species between and Similar data have been found for A. longiareolata (). As a result of significant cephalic enlargement, the head-thorax index is about one () in filter feeders of the subgenera Culicella and ?limacura. Setae are found on the thorax in three groups corresponding to the pro-, meso- and metathorax. Each group consists of 14 pairs of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have b
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