An American history . on estab-lished in gentlemans quarters at Tory Oxford. Of course sucha picture is not fair to the average life in the colonies, northand south. There were wealthy aristocrats among the Puritansof New England, as Tory Row in Cambridge testified; andthere were numerous setders of hardy Huguenot and Scotch-Irish stock in Virginia and the Carolinas. Nevertheless, thecontrast between New England and the colonies south of thePotomac was marked. The Enzlish Colonies n The rich soil of the South, with its staple crops of tobacco 86. Thepian-and rice, favored the plantation system
An American history . on estab-lished in gentlemans quarters at Tory Oxford. Of course sucha picture is not fair to the average life in the colonies, northand south. There were wealthy aristocrats among the Puritansof New England, as Tory Row in Cambridge testified; andthere were numerous setders of hardy Huguenot and Scotch-Irish stock in Virginia and the Carolinas. Nevertheless, thecontrast between New England and the colonies south of thePotomac was marked. The Enzlish Colonies n The rich soil of the South, with its staple crops of tobacco 86. Thepian-and rice, favored the plantation system and slave labor. Broad south° ° navigable rivers, reaching well up into the level lands, gave everyplanter his private wharf, and made the huge plantations re-semble feudal estates, with their stately manor houses domi-nating the stables, the storage sheds, and the clustering huts ofthe slave quarters. In Virginia, and perhaps to some extent inthe Carolinas, these estates, by the laws of primogeniture and ^^^^j^^ A Colonial Mansion in the South in the South entail, descended undivided to the eldest son of the family,while the younger sons either entered the ranks of the clergyand the professions of physicians and lawyers, or sometimesbecame shiftless dependents and rovers. A public-school system was impossible when the white popu- 87. culturelation was so scattered that a planter needed a field glass to seehis neighbors house. The slaves might be taught the elementsof religion by a conscientious mistress, but book learningwas no part of their equipment for the rice swamps, the kitchen,or the hunting stables. On court days the squires and rusticsgathered at the county center, making a holiday with racing ](> The Establishment of the English and speech making; but the tense and steady political interestof the New England town meeting was unknown.^ 88. The mid- The settlements between the Hudson and the Potomac were middle colonies in character as well as in situation,—
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