. The industries of Japan : together with an account of its agriculture, forestry, arts, and commerce. From travels and researches undertaken at the cost of the Prussian government. their leaves or blossoms. Tea-growing was till recently con-fined practically to these countries, and furnishes their secondgreatest article of commerce, its production keeping pace with avastly increased consumption elsewhere ; but the cultivation ofthe camellia has extended over nearly all the lands of Christen-dom, though mostly as a hothouse plant and under the gardenerscare. This universal estimation and wide
. The industries of Japan : together with an account of its agriculture, forestry, arts, and commerce. From travels and researches undertaken at the cost of the Prussian government. their leaves or blossoms. Tea-growing was till recently con-fined practically to these countries, and furnishes their secondgreatest article of commerce, its production keeping pace with avastly increased consumption elsewhere ; but the cultivation ofthe camellia has extended over nearly all the lands of Christen-dom, though mostly as a hothouse plant and under the gardenerscare. This universal estimation and wide distribution of thecamellia, moreover, are as much things of our century as is tea-drinking itself. And although they appeal to altogether differentsenses and tastes, the two plants have in their home a commonuse. This is the utilization of their close-grained wood, andespecially of their oily seeds. The relationship between these two plants, from an economicpoint of view, is seen in a still greater degree by observing moreclosely the entire structure of both, especially with regard to blos- 1 In the Descriptive Catalogue of the International Health Exhibition,London, TEA PLANT, CAMELLIA THEIFERA. [Page 129. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES. m soms and fruit, and is, in fact, so great, that the tea-plant has comelately to be looked upon by many as only a particular species ofthe genus camellia, since there are no generic differences { inBentham and Hoopers Genera Plantarum ). The history of the spread of tea-culture points, like the nameitself in various languages, all back to China as the starting-pointof the plant. In the greater part of the Chinese Empire, andparticularly in Peking and Canton, the name of the leaves as pre-pared for the trade, and especially of the extract drawn from themby boiling water, is dia (tscha) ; and this is the name, too, inJapanese, Portuguese, and Russian (tschai). The words thea,Thee, the, te, te, tea, etc., seem traceable to the province of F
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