. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. ^ooir^a//rn bofiom ? cooj/rvc/ion I I I j , I I I. Athabascan Hunting Canoes of the Kayak Form, showing charac- teristic hull shape. These canoes were light, handy, and fast. uous, but in the Mackenzie models the lashings were in groups. Inwales and outwales in all the kayak forms ran to the stem-pieces, which were plank-on- edge of a thickness that varied according to tribal practice. No headboards were employed. The gun- wale members were rectangular in cross-section and were bent square with the flare of the sides. The ends sometime
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. ^ooir^a//rn bofiom ? cooj/rvc/ion I I I j , I I I. Athabascan Hunting Canoes of the Kayak Form, showing charac- teristic hull shape. These canoes were light, handy, and fast. uous, but in the Mackenzie models the lashings were in groups. Inwales and outwales in all the kayak forms ran to the stem-pieces, which were plank-on- edge of a thickness that varied according to tribal practice. No headboards were employed. The gun- wale members were rectangular in cross-section and were bent square with the flare of the sides. The ends sometimes were swelled and rounded, and in the bateau variation the gunwales, in cross section, appear to have been rounded. Six thwarts appear in most of the kayak forms but the Loucheux model had five and the bateau variation seems to have had but three. Reinforcing bark was placed under the outwales in all Mackenzie Basin canoes, but not in the Alaskan or in the bateau variation. The ribs in all these canoes were small, usually about Yi inch square, and widely spaced, about 9 to 14 inches on centers. No ribs were placed in the rake of the ends. The ends of the ribs were chisel-pointed and were forced between the in- wale and outwale, against the inside of the bark cover. In some canoes, however, the ribs near the ends of the canoe were forced into short splits on the underside of the inwale. The thwart ends might also be forced into short splits on the inside face of the inwales or might be tenoned there; in any case a single lashing was used at the thwart ends. Thwarts were parallel- sided in plan and slightly tapered toward the ends in elevation; no shoulders were used. In the bateau variation, a heavy thwart was placed directly under the middle thwart with its ends against the side battens, apparently to act as a spreader. Each end was notched over the side battens and was held by two lashings to the bottom crosspiece below it. This structure was probably made necessary by the fr
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Keywords: ., bookauthorun, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectscience
