. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1975 VAN Zyll de Jong: Wolverines in Canada 435. Figure 9. Approximate past (solid line; based on Seton 1909) and present distributioa of the wolverine in Canada (shaded area). Peripheral and extralimital records are indicated by solid circles. food webs of the boreal and arctic ecosystems the wolverine is part of the predator compon- ent. Field observations (Krott 1959; Haglund 1966), however, have revealed that the wolverine is not an efficient hunter. It has neither the stealth nor the speed that charac- terizes the efficient hunters among the Felidae and Ca
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1975 VAN Zyll de Jong: Wolverines in Canada 435. Figure 9. Approximate past (solid line; based on Seton 1909) and present distributioa of the wolverine in Canada (shaded area). Peripheral and extralimital records are indicated by solid circles. food webs of the boreal and arctic ecosystems the wolverine is part of the predator compon- ent. Field observations (Krott 1959; Haglund 1966), however, have revealed that the wolverine is not an efficient hunter. It has neither the stealth nor the speed that charac- terizes the efficient hunters among the Felidae and Canidae. The wolverine's attack is direct and consists of a shorter or longer chase (Hag- lund 1966). On a firm substrate the chase of healthy prey is rarely successful. Deep snow gives the wolverine with its low weight load (27-35 g/cm-, Novikov 1962) an advantage over its prey and it appears to be more successful under those circumstances. Studies of food habits have shown the wolverine to be an omnivore in summer (Krott 1959), feeding on a large variety of food including carrion, small mammals, insect larvae, eggs, and berries and, despite its short- comings as a hunter, a meat-eater in winter. Large herbivores, especially reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus), the most num- erous large herbivore over most of the wolver- ine's range, are the most important food in winter (Haglund 1966; Krott 1959; Rausch and Pearson 1972). Most of the large herbi- vores eaten are thought to be carrion, resulting from predation by other carnivores or death from other causes. Haglund (1966) reported that only 15 out of 50 domestic reindeer carcasses fed upon by wolverines were killed. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club
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