India: Shah Jahan (5 January 1592 - 22 January 1666) with his three sons, Dara Shikoh, Shah Shuja and Aurangzeb, their maternal grandfather Asaf Khan to the right. Miniature painting, c. 1628. Shah Jahan was the emperor of the Mughal Empire in the Indian Subcontinent from 1628 until 1658. The name Shah Jahan comes from Persian meaning 'King of the World'. He was the fifth Mughal emperor after Babur, Humayun, Akbar, and Jahangir. The period of his reign was the golden age of Mughal architecture. Shah Jahan erected many splendid monuments, the most famous of which is the legendary Taj Mahal.

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