. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 248 D. J. CARROLL AND S. C. KEMPF Table I Developmental m'>»\ during the luhorainrv culture <»/ Berghia verrucicornis Time* (h. days) Developmental event T = + ° C Oh <n** = 10) Oviposition ± h (n = 10) First cleavage ± h (n = 1(1) Blastula ± days (n = 10) Gastrula ± days (n = 10) Velar rudiment appears ± days (n = 10) Shell and foot visible ± days (n = 9) Velum assumes bilobed shape 4. 1 ± days (n = 9) Viscera differentiated into stomach. and left and right
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 248 D. J. CARROLL AND S. C. KEMPF Table I Developmental m'>»\ during the luhorainrv culture <»/ Berghia verrucicornis Time* (h. days) Developmental event T = + ° C Oh <n** = 10) Oviposition ± h (n = 10) First cleavage ± h (n = 1(1) Blastula ± days (n = 10) Gastrula ± days (n = 10) Velar rudiment appears ± days (n = 10) Shell and foot visible ± days (n = 9) Velum assumes bilobed shape 4. 1 ± days (n = 9) Viscera differentiated into stomach. and left and right digestive diverticula ± days (n = 7) Larva able to partially retract velum into shell, indicating presence of larval retractor muscle days (n = 2) Cilia apparent on posterior aspect of metapodium ± days (n = 9) Eyespots visible ± days (n = 9) Mantle retracts from shell aperture ± days (n = 9) Propodium develops on anteroventral aspect of metapodium 1 1 .6 ± days (n = 8) Hatching 1 ± days (n = 8) Metamorphosis ± days (n = 6) Juvenile begins feeding * Times are given as mean ± standard deviation. ** n refers to the number of egg mass cultures observed; four cultures were discontinued during the observation period. to crawl on the substratum with the shell still attached. Eventually, the shell is cast off, and over the next few hours the body lengthens as the final vermiform mor- phology is assumed. Various culture treatments were tested as inducers of metamorphosis (Fig. 5). The number of larvae completing metamorphosis was always greatest in the presence of the anemone AipuiMti pu/lida (MFSA + A culture). The mean cumulative number of larvae metamorphosing in MFSA + A cultures was significantly greater than the number of larvae undergoing metamorphosis in MFSA - A cultures (P < for Day 1; P < for Day 2 and 3) or in the AFSA cultures (P ). A comparison of the number of metamorphoses i
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
