Cyclopedia of heating, plumbing and sanitation; a complete reference work . should be provided about every 300 feet,in order to facilitatethe installation of theconductors in the exact distance be-tween m a n h o 1 e sshould be determinedby conditions; in somecases they should beplaced even closer to-gether than the figuregiven, while in othercases their distancea p a r t m i gh t beslightly greater. Manholes art-built of concrete orbrick, and providedwith a cast-iron frameor cover. The man-holes may be ofsquare, round, rect-angular, or oval sec-tion, the last-men-tioned form of man-h


Cyclopedia of heating, plumbing and sanitation; a complete reference work . should be provided about every 300 feet,in order to facilitatethe installation of theconductors in the exact distance be-tween m a n h o 1 e sshould be determinedby conditions; in somecases they should beplaced even closer to-gether than the figuregiven, while in othercases their distancea p a r t m i gh t beslightly greater. Manholes art-built of concrete orbrick, and providedwith a cast-iron frameor cover. The man-holes may be ofsquare, round, rect-angular, or oval sec-tion, the last-men-tioned form of man-hole being probably the best, as it avoids the liability to sharp bendsor kinks being made in the cable. The manhole cover may be ofthe same form as the manhole itself, or it may be of different form; butround or square covers are usually used. Fig. 78 shows a standardform of manhole used in New York City. This manhole is substan-tially built, and adapted for heavy traffic passing over the cover. Forsuburban or country work, manholes may be made of lighter Fig. 78. Plan and Sectional Elevation of standard Form of Miinhoit- Used in New York city. 377 REVIEW QUESTIONS. PRACTICAL TEST QUESTIONS. In the foregoing sections of this Cyclopedia nu-merous illustrative examples are worked out indetail in order to show the application of thevarious methods and principles. Accompanyingthese are examples for practice which will aid thereader in fixing the principles in mind. In the following pages are given a large num-ber of test questions and problems which afford avaluable means of testing the readers knowledgeof the subjects treated. They will be found excel-lent practice for those preparing for Civil ServiceExaminations. In some cases numerical answersare given as a further aid in this work. 379 R B VIEAV QUESTIONS >- the s o h .t j: ct of HEATIXCJ AXI) , P A K T I . 1. What advantage does indirect steam heating have overdirect heating? What advantages ove


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