. The essentials of botany. Botany. GBOSS ANATOMY OF PLOWBUINQ PLANTS, xll B. POLYGTNCEOIAL FRUITS, formed by the gyncecia of several flowers. 1. A spike with fleshy bracts and perianths— , Mulberry SoROSis. 3. A spike with dry bracts and perianths— , Birch Strobile. 3. A concave or hollow, fleshy receptacle, in- closing many dry gyncecia—, Fig . Stconus. §7. The Seed. The seed is the ripened ovule, and as the ovule consists of a tody, surrounded by one or two coats, or integuments, we may look for a like structure in the seed. However, the modifications which most seeds undergo :
. The essentials of botany. Botany. GBOSS ANATOMY OF PLOWBUINQ PLANTS, xll B. POLYGTNCEOIAL FRUITS, formed by the gyncecia of several flowers. 1. A spike with fleshy bracts and perianths— , Mulberry SoROSis. 3. A spike with dry bracts and perianths— , Birch Strobile. 3. A concave or hollow, fleshy receptacle, in- closing many dry gyncecia—, Fig . Stconus. §7. The Seed. The seed is the ripened ovule, and as the ovule consists of a tody, surrounded by one or two coats, or integuments, we may look for a like structure in the seed. However, the modifications which most seeds undergo : render necessary some additional terms. Thus the outer integument is generally so thick- ened and hardened that it is commonly called the testa. The inner is sometimes called the tegmen. In some seeds the outer coat be- comes fleshy, in which case they are iaccate (berry-like); in others the outer part of the testa is fleshy and the inner hardened, so that Fig. XLIII.—Comose ., J . J /J Ti N /-> seed of Milkweed, the seed is drupaceous (drupe-like). Occa- sionally an additional coat forms around the ovule after fertiliza- tion; it differs somewhat in nature in different plants, but all are commonly included under the name aril— in May- apple. The testa may be prolonged into one or more flat extensions; such a seed is winged—, Catalpa. Its epidermal cells may be prolonged into trichomes, forming the comose seed—, milk- weed (Pig. XLIII).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bessey, Charles E. (Charles Edwin), 1845-1915. New York : H. Holt and company, ;
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