. Fig. 38.—Spores of stem-rust fungus of wheat, barley, rye, and oats: A, B, C, black-rust pustules; D, E, F, red-rust spores; G, H, I, J, black-rust spores. (Enlarged about 250 times.) (Courtesy of McAlpine; from Bui. 511.) the former being the common species on the Pacific Coast. Affected plants are usually shorter than normal ones. The head has a swollen appearance and the individual kernels push out of the husks. The inside of the ker-

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