. The cell; outlines of general anatomy and physiology. e (V. 13-15, IV. 22). He succeeded in showingthat the Cocci of erysipelas, the Spirilla of relapsing fever, and theBacilli of anthrax were eaten up by the wandering cells, and thusrendered harmless (Fig. 61). The micro-organisms, of which asmany as from ten to twenty may be present in one cell, after acertain time show distinct signs of degeneration. If the micro-organisms are present in the blood, they are destroyed, especiallyin the spleen, liver, and red bone marrow. If they succeed insettling down in some place in the tissue, the body
. The cell; outlines of general anatomy and physiology. e (V. 13-15, IV. 22). He succeeded in showingthat the Cocci of erysipelas, the Spirilla of relapsing fever, and theBacilli of anthrax were eaten up by the wandering cells, and thusrendered harmless (Fig. 61). The micro-organisms, of which asmany as from ten to twenty may be present in one cell, after acertain time show distinct signs of degeneration. If the micro-organisms are present in the blood, they are destroyed, especiallyin the spleen, liver, and red bone marrow. If they succeed insettling down in some place in the tissue, the body endeavours toget rid of the intruders by collecting as the result of inflammatoryprocesses a large number of migratory cells to the spot. As Metchnikoff expresses it, between micro-organisms andphagocytes an active war is raging. This is settled in favour ofone or other party, resulting, as the case may be, in the recoveryor death of the affected animal. The power possessed by migratory cells of destroying certain THE VITAL PROPERTIES OF THE CELL 145. species of micro-organisms appears to varyconsiderably in different animals, and todepend largely upon the most varyingconditions ; for instance, chemical stimuliplay an especially important part, as hasbeen already mentioned on p. 121 (negativeand positive chemotropism ; Hertwig ). Apparently it is upon this that thegreater or less immunity of organismsfrom many infectious diseases discovery opens a wide vista in theHeld of the comprehension and treatmentof infectious diseases. IT. The Assimilative and Forma-tive Activity of the Cell. The gases,the fluids, and the solid substances, whichare introduced into the protoplasm as food,and through respiration, compose the veryvarying raw materials which are elaboratedin the chemical workshop of the cell, andwhich are converted into an exceedinglylarge number of substances. Amongstthese the most important for both plantsand animals are: carbo-hydrates, fats, pro-teids,
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