. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . I-k;. 493. Vanilla. LonRiludinal section of fruit flesh. P pan-mhyma with o raphides;5/1 spiral vessel; « pitted vessel. X160. (Moeller.) are made up of lonf^iludinal bundles of thread-like mucilaj^inous cellswhich serve as a conducting tissue for the pollen tubes. They havebeen studied by Busse, Tschirch, and others. Spermoderm (Fig. 494). The exceedingly minute black seeds (lessthan mm. long and about two-thirds as broad) have been aptly com-. FlG. 494. Vanilla. El
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . I-k;. 493. Vanilla. LonRiludinal section of fruit flesh. P pan-mhyma with o raphides;5/1 spiral vessel; « pitted vessel. X160. (Moeller.) are made up of lonf^iludinal bundles of thread-like mucilaj^inous cellswhich serve as a conducting tissue for the pollen tubes. They havebeen studied by Busse, Tschirch, and others. Spermoderm (Fig. 494). The exceedingly minute black seeds (lessthan mm. long and about two-thirds as broad) have been aptly com-. FlG. 494. Vanilla. Elements of seed. S whole seed, under a lens; ep epidermis; pparenchyma; E embryo. (Moeller.) pared by T. F. Hanausek to gunpowder. Owing to the dark-coloredpigment in the spermoderm, the seeds must be boiled with alkali andcrushed before any structure whatever is evident. 1. The Outer Epidermal Cells {ep) are polygonal, 15-30 ji broadand reach 75 // in length. After boiling with alkah, they are still darkbrown, but are sufficiently transparent to show that the cavity is reducedto a narrow slit, owing to the thickened outer and side walls. 2. The Inner Layers (p) are of elongated, parenchymatous cells, which,like those of the epidermis, are of a brown color. Embryo (E). The endosperm being absent, the kernel of the seedconsists entirely of the embryo, which is usually undeveloped. DIAGNOSIS. Whole Vanilla seldom reaches the consumer, but is used by manu-facturers and apothecaries in the preparation of tincture or extract ofvanilla. Although the vanilla may not be of
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpub, booksubjectplantanatomy
