. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. 552 CONTRIBUTIONS OF AMERICAN ARCHEOLOGY TO HUMAN HISTORY. Old Woi'ld. The stone age and the red race stand practical!}' alone within the field of study. In America the high-Avater mark of culture barely reached the lower limit of civilization. In the Old World the fuller representa- tion of man's career is above that limit, so that America can be ex- pected to assist, especially in l^uilding up the substructure of human history. It can be
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. 552 CONTRIBUTIONS OF AMERICAN ARCHEOLOGY TO HUMAN HISTORY. Old Woi'ld. The stone age and the red race stand practical!}' alone within the field of study. In America the high-Avater mark of culture barely reached the lower limit of civilization. In the Old World the fuller representa- tion of man's career is above that limit, so that America can be ex- pected to assist, especially in l^uilding up the substructure of human history. It can be expected to furnish a fuller reading of the early chapters of culture progress than any other part of the world. The position of aboriginal America in the field of culture history and the area of that history which American archeology, as well as zVmerican ethnology, can be expected to illumine is clearly indicated in the accompanying diagram. In this diagram the whole field of human history is represented by the five s])accs which, beginning below, are: (1) The stage of pre- human development, through and out of which the race arose; (2) S EniiqWdnft^ 4> «d 3 6ar\NLrou«. A 8ava9« the average stage, in which humanity took definite shape; (3) the barbarous stage, in which powerful nations were founded and sys- tems of record were developed; (4) the civilized stage, in which higher culture was achieved, and (5) the enlightened stage, reached as yet only by a limited number of nations. Tlie idea of time is not involved in this diagram. The stage's of [)r()gress thus become a scale on which the cultural achievements of any race or people in its struggle u])ward may be laid down. It enables us to show just what relative i)lace is taken by each race or })eople and just how nuich and at what ])()ints each can contribute to (he history of man; for human history as written is composite, made up of the separate histories of many peoples of all grades of development set togeth
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