. The Great war. coast orfortifications artillery, making a total of about 400 officersand 15,000 men. The seacoast guns were of various types;some modern guns were introduced during the BalkanWar, including a number of rapid-fire howitzers. Tech-nical troops, in the proportion found in European armies,existed on paper, but, certainly, those to be allotted to thesecond-line army had never been formed. The war ministry maintained an aviation section andthere was a training ground established near Constanti-nople. The aerial park consisted of one or two dozenmachines of various types. Foreign in
. The Great war. coast orfortifications artillery, making a total of about 400 officersand 15,000 men. The seacoast guns were of various types;some modern guns were introduced during the BalkanWar, including a number of rapid-fire howitzers. Tech-nical troops, in the proportion found in European armies,existed on paper, but, certainly, those to be allotted to thesecond-line army had never been formed. The war ministry maintained an aviation section andthere was a training ground established near Constanti-nople. The aerial park consisted of one or two dozenmachines of various types. Foreign instructors were en-gaged and Turkish officers were attached to some of theEuropean armies for instruction in aviation. The Turkish gendarmerie was a numerous body of menwith a military organization, the total force amountingto about 45,000, 8,000 of whom were mounted. Thedismounted gendarmes were armed with Mauser orMartini-Henry rifles; while the mounted men carried theWinchester repeating carbine and the The Armies of Turkey and Bulgaria 257 The sultan was the commander-in-chief of all the armedforces. The Superior Military Council was created in 1909under the presidency of the minister of war; the othermembers of the council being the commanders of theArmy Inspections and certain other superior officers. Thirteen army corps of the Turkish army were groupedinto Army Inspections, each supervised by an inspectorgeneral; the fourteenth corps and 5 divisions were inde-pendent. The corps consisted of 3 infantry divisions, a rifleregiment, 1 cavalry brigade, 6 to 9 batteries of heavy artil-lery, 1 battalion of engineers, 1 train battalion, and 1 tele-graph company. The division was made up of 3 regimentsof infantry, 1 rifle battalion, 1 regiment of field artillery, 1company of pioneers, 1 train company, and a telegraphsection. The estimated strength of the field armies avail-able for a European war was 620 battalions of infantry, 163squadrons of cavalry, 200 batteries of art
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Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectworldwar19141918
