. The historians' history of the world; a comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages: . in the new districts of Victoria (Australia Felix or Port Phillip)and in South Australia. The abolition of transportation in 1840 wasfollowed by the encouragement of free immigration. In 1841 the popula-tion passed 130,000. Extravagant speculation, midue inflation, over-trading and overproduction led to a crisis which was precipitated by afall in the price of wool in England and a severe drought in 1841-42. Landsales fell
. The historians' history of the world; a comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages: . in the new districts of Victoria (Australia Felix or Port Phillip)and in South Australia. The abolition of transportation in 1840 wasfollowed by the encouragement of free immigration. In 1841 the popula-tion passed 130,000. Extravagant speculation, midue inflation, over-trading and overproduction led to a crisis which was precipitated by afall in the price of wool in England and a severe drought in 1841-42. Landsales fell from £316,000 in 1840 to £90,000 in the following year, and in1842 the sales barely defrayed the expenses of the survey. Sir Charles Fitzroy was governor from 1846-1855. His administra-tion was marked by several occurrences of importance. By 1851 thepopulation of New South Wales had reached 190,000 while Victoria andSouth Australia aggregated about 80,000 inhabitants each. At Summerhill Creek, 20 miles north of Bathurst, in the Macquarieplains, gold was discovered, in February, 1851, by Edward HammondHargraves, an Australian gold miner returned from California. The. Government House, Sydney AUSTEALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 239 [1851 ] intelligence was made known in April or May; and then began a rush ofthousands — men leaving their former employments in the bush or in thetowns to search for the ore so greatly coveted in all ages. In August itwas found at Andersons Creek, near Melbourne; a few weeks later thegreat Ballarat gold field, 80 miles west of that city, was opened; and afterthat, Bendigo, now called Sandhurst, to the north. Not only in theselucky provinces, New South Wales and Victoria, where the auriferousdeposits were re-vealed, but in everyBritish colony ofAustralasia, all ordi-nary industry wasleft for the one excit-ing pursuit. Thecopper mines of SouthAustralia were for thetime deserted, whileTasmania and NewZealand lost manyinhabitants, who em-igrated to the more
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