General therapeutics and materia medica (volume 1): adapted for a medical text book . d,it is by no meansunderstood even at the present day: until, recently, indeed, the mosterroneous views were entertained in regard to it, owing to the jealousyof the Spanish government, who appear to have thrown every obstaclein the way of the inquiring naturalist. Even now, in the London Phar-macopoeia, the three varieties, yellow, pale, and red bark, are referred re-spectively to Cinchona cordifolia, C. lancifolia, and C. oblongifolia;yet it has been sufficiently shown, that we are still ignorant of the sou
General therapeutics and materia medica (volume 1): adapted for a medical text book . d,it is by no meansunderstood even at the present day: until, recently, indeed, the mosterroneous views were entertained in regard to it, owing to the jealousyof the Spanish government, who appear to have thrown every obstaclein the way of the inquiring naturalist. Even now, in the London Phar-macopoeia, the three varieties, yellow, pale, and red bark, are referred re-spectively to Cinchona cordifolia, C. lancifolia, and C. oblongifolia;yet it has been sufficiently shown, that we are still ignorant of the sourceof the two last varieties, and that the pale barks are derived from dif-ferent species. Twenty-six species of cinchona are now pointed outby botanists, of which twelve, at least, are thought to furnish a part ofthe barks that are used. (Lindley.) All the species are either talishrubs, or large forest trees; are commonly evergreen, and of greatbeauty, both in foliage and flower. They inhabit the Andes at variouselevations from 11° N. L. to 20° S. L. The best bark is said to be. Cinchona Calyx. 6. Ovary and style, c. Corolla, d. Capsule split into twococci, e. Capsule divided, showing the two cells. /. Seeds in capsuleg. Single seed. CINCHONA. 75 obtained from the trees that grow on a dry rocky soil. The barkpeelers or Cascarillos commence their operations in May, when the dryseason sets in, and end in November. The quantity of bark exportedis enormous,—to such an extent, indeed, that scarcity has been appre-hended, and under such a feeling, the government of Bolivia, in 1838,issued a proclamation forbidding the collection of bark in its territoryfor five years. Cinchona is shipped from various ports of the Pacific,—the mostcommon being Arica, Valparaiso, Lima, Callao, and Payta. Thequantity received into England in different years has varied 1830, 556,290 lbs. were imported; of which 56,879 lbs. were re-tained for home consumption. This appears
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