. Heredity and evolution in plants . same species or varieties of thesame species. A striking illustration of this latter factis the small white water-lily (Castalia ietragona), which isfound along the Misinaibi and Severn rivers in Ontario(Canada), and at Granite Station, in northern Idaho(U. S. A.), but is not known elsewhere except in SiberiaChina, Japan, and the Himalaya mountains (Kashmir). The flora near the summit of Mt. Washington and otherpeaks of the White Mountains, in New Hampshire, haselements in common with that of Labrador. In ap-proaching these mountain summits, says Flint,1 on
. Heredity and evolution in plants . same species or varieties of thesame species. A striking illustration of this latter factis the small white water-lily (Castalia ietragona), which isfound along the Misinaibi and Severn rivers in Ontario(Canada), and at Granite Station, in northern Idaho(U. S. A.), but is not known elsewhere except in SiberiaChina, Japan, and the Himalaya mountains (Kashmir). The flora near the summit of Mt. Washington and otherpeaks of the White Mountains, in New Hampshire, haselements in common with that of Labrador. In ap-proaching these mountain summits, says Flint,1 one 1 I lint, William F. The distribution of plants in New Hitchcock, C. H. The Geology of New Hampshire, i: 393. 1874. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 159 is struck by the appearance of the firs and spruces, whichgradually become more and more dwarfish, at length ris-ing but a few feet from the ground, the branches spread-ing out horizontally many feet and becoming thickly inter-woven. These present a comparatively dense upper. FIG. 74.—Lapland rhododendron (Rhododendron lapponicum). Photo-graphed on the summit of Mt. Madison, New Hampshire, June 25, 1917,by Ralph E. Cleland. surface, which is often firm enough to walk upon. Atlength these disappear wholly, and give place to the Lap-land rhododendron (Fig. 74), Labrador tea, dwarf birch,and alpine willows, all of which, after rising a few inchesabove the ground, spread out over the surface of the l6o IIKRKD1TY AND EVOLUTION IN PLANTS nearest rock thereby gaining warmth, which enables themto exist in spite of tempest and cold. These in theirturn give place to the Greenland sandwort, t°he diapensia(Fig. 75), the cassiope, and others, with arctic rushes,sedges, and lichens, which flourish on the very According to Flint, there are about fifty strictly alpinespecies on these summits, found nowhere else in NewEngland and New York, except on similar summits, suchas Mt. Katahdin in Maine, and Mt. Marcy and
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