Vietnam: Phan Thanh Gian (11 November 1796 - 4 August 1867), Nguyen Grand Counsellor. Portrait by unknown artist, c. 1860. Phan Thanh Giản, or Phan Thanh Jan, was a Grand Counsellor at the Nguyễn court in Vietnam. He led an embassy to France in 1863, and committed suicide when France completed the invasion of Southern Vietnam (Cochinchina) in 1867. Phan was one of the foremost mandarins of the imperial court, playing a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Saigon with the French in 1862. The negotiations led to the formal ceding of Vietnamese territory that the French had occupied in 1861.

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