Chemistry of the household . . . , . 23 Food ........ 29 Sugars and Starches ..... 32 Digestion ....... 35 Cooking . • . 37 Fats 43 Nitrogenous Foods . 45 Cooking of Nitrogenous Food Stuffs 48 Effects of Cooking ..... 51 Mineral Matter ...... 52 T)ecay ........ 54 Cleaning . ..... 55 Chemistry of the Laundry .... 66 Removal of Stains ...... 73 Bleaching . . . 80 Cleaning AA^oodwork « . . 84 Cleaning Metals ...... 85 Chemistry OF Baking Powder . . 89 Lighting ....... 92 Lime ....... 102 Chemistry and Electricity .... 105 Plant Life ....... 108 Chemical Terms, ...... Ill The Housekeepers Laborat


Chemistry of the household . . . , . 23 Food ........ 29 Sugars and Starches ..... 32 Digestion ....... 35 Cooking . • . 37 Fats 43 Nitrogenous Foods . 45 Cooking of Nitrogenous Food Stuffs 48 Effects of Cooking ..... 51 Mineral Matter ...... 52 T)ecay ........ 54 Cleaning . ..... 55 Chemistry of the Laundry .... 66 Removal of Stains ...... 73 Bleaching . . . 80 Cleaning AA^oodwork « . . 84 Cleaning Metals ...... 85 Chemistry OF Baking Powder . . 89 Lighting ....... 92 Lime ....... 102 Chemistry and Electricity .... 105 Plant Life ....... 108 Chemical Terms, ...... Ill The Housekeepers Laboratory 113 Impurities in Water ..... 127 Laundry Work ...... 129 111 IV CONTENTS Bluing .....Home Soap MakingDishwashing ....Latent Heat ....Use of the ThermometerBread Making ....Home Made Baking Powder .Distillation . . Composition of GasSpontaneous CombustionConservation of EnergyBibliography ....Program of Supplemental StudyIndex ..... 131 133135138140141142 143144 146146149 151163. o 2oou Q z<: hjw o H X z w X C ) 10 H TD •— (Tj Pi 0 ai s? O c Pi c« s - CHEMISTRY OF THE HOUSEHOLD A Days Chemistry BEING an outline of the simplest and most evi-dent chemical changes suggested by a dayswork at home and a description of the various chemicalsubstances of interest to the housewife. WATER The morning bath will introduce us agreeably to thewonderful chemical substance, water, and with this occun-enc©substance we will begin our study of a days water for the house may come from the town sup-ply, from wells, cisterns, or springs. It may besurface water, from pond, lake, or stream, or it maybe ground water, from wells or deep springs. Cis-tern water is, of course, rain water. Water is presentin many substances where we might not suspect living things contain a large percentage of an athlete weighing 150 pounds, all but about 42pounds is water. Wood, meat, vegetables, fruit, whendried, weigh from 50 to 98 per cent less. Many


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