. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . been detached from theepitympanic. It resumes its normal attachment to its segmentwhen the special branchial apparatus becomes abrogated, as inthe advanced batrachian, fig. 71, in which we saw the change ofposition, as contrasted with the earlier piscine condition of thelarva, fig. 69 A. In the complex and ossified hyoidean arch of 106 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. fishes we find, after the stylohyal 33, the epihyal 39, the cerato-hyal 40, and basihyal 41; to which may be articulated a glosso-hyal 42, and a urohyal 43 : this is a large compress
. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . been detached from theepitympanic. It resumes its normal attachment to its segmentwhen the special branchial apparatus becomes abrogated, as inthe advanced batrachian, fig. 71, in which we saw the change ofposition, as contrasted with the earlier piscine condition of thelarva, fig. 69 A. In the complex and ossified hyoidean arch of 106 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. fishes we find, after the stylohyal 33, the epihyal 39, the cerato-hyal 40, and basihyal 41; to which may be articulated a glosso-hyal 42, and a urohyal 43 : this is a large compressed lamelli-form bone in the Perch. Seven branchiostegal rays, 44, arearticulated to the epi- and cerato-hyals. Four branchial archesare attached to the base of the cranium. The first consists of theceratobranchial, 47, and epibranchial, 48, elements : both of whichsupport a series of processes, 63, directed towards the cavity ofthe mouth and defending the entry to the branchial fissures. Thesecond and third arches are connected above by the pharyngo-. Hyobranchial and scapular arches, Perch (Perca fluviatilis) branchial elements, 49, to the cranium; and these elements usuallysupport teeth. The gills are attached to grooves on the outerside of the epi- and cerato-branchials; the arches being closedbelow by the 4 basibranchials which are attached to the suprascapula, 50, is attached by its lower branch to the basi-occipital, and by its upper one to the paroccipital, 4. Thescapula, 51, supports the coracoid, 52, to which the clavicle, 58, isattached, the relative position of which to the coracoid becomeschanged as the scapular arch is detached from its natural con- ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 107 nection and displaced backward. The humeral segment of thefore limb is rarely developed in fishes; the radius, 54, and ulna, 55,are directly articulated with the coracoid, and are commonly muchmore broad than long. Some of the special characters and modifications of the bonesof the
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