. SHIP HELD rP BV THICK P.\CKICE. There is a fringe of floating pack-ice atound the whole coutiucnt, wiiich can only be passed in wooden ships. in 1S41 found that with a stout ship one could force the floating pack-ice which fringes the continent and penetrate far south in a comparatively open sea, since named the Ross Sea. That avenue has been used to reach the pole, as we know, but it has also given access to the continent for several expeditions whose object was mainly scientific, so that it remains the best- known part of the continent. Another avenue exists to the South of Cape Horn in th
. SHIP HELD rP BV THICK P.\CKICE. There is a fringe of floating pack-ice atound the whole coutiucnt, wiiich can only be passed in wooden ships. in 1S41 found that with a stout ship one could force the floating pack-ice which fringes the continent and penetrate far south in a comparatively open sea, since named the Ross Sea. That avenue has been used to reach the pole, as we know, but it has also given access to the continent for several expeditions whose object was mainly scientific, so that it remains the best- known part of the continent. Another avenue exists to the South of Cape Horn in the form of a long tongue of land and scattered islands, apparently an extension of the main continent, reaching as far north as 63° S. hit. The credit of its discovery must be divided among many, but wc may chiefly connect with it the name of Bellingshausen, the commander of a Russian exp>edition which sailed round the Antarctic continent in the early twenties of last century, a worthy successor to Captain Cook, who did the same fifty years before. Being a land avenue of a rather forbidding character, it has been hardly used for penetrating southwards, but nevertheless offers a path which will not be ignored in the future. To the east of the land tongue of Graham Land, as it is generally called, is the Weddell Sea, and this is regarded to some extent as an. avenue comparable to the Ross Sea. More exact knowledge may confirm the sea in this character, but so far its reputation has been fcir from good. The sealer-explorer, Weddell, penetrated to 74° S. in 1823, it is true, and that without encoun- tering any pack-ice; but those who have followed in his track have fared badly. The Scotia in 1904 equalled his record, but had to battle through much ice. The Deutscliland in 1910 beat him by four degrees, but was beset by ice for many months and barely escaped. Lastly the Endurance, in 1915, had the same experience, but was finally crushed and its crew marooned on the ice. There i
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