. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. 134 VEGETABLE LIFE AND WORK. [SECTION 16. ri^ , r 9 ®) r-, \ ®1 o\ 'â ) ,r, c) !^ 0 0 o G 0 A 0 0) o\ PI '* / V ® Q ^\ 0 © shown in Fig. , are only tlie fifteen-hundredth of an inch wide. Those of Buttonwood (Fig. 447) are larger, and are here highly magnified besides. Tile figures show the way wood-cells are commonly put together, namely, witli their tapering ends overlapping each other, â spliced together, as it were, â thus giving more strength and toughness. In hard woods, such as Hickory and Oak, .the walls of these t
. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. 134 VEGETABLE LIFE AND WORK. [SECTION 16. ri^ , r 9 ®) r-, \ ®1 o\ 'â ) ,r, c) !^ 0 0 o G 0 A 0 0) o\ PI '* / V ® Q ^\ 0 © shown in Fig. , are only tlie fifteen-hundredth of an inch wide. Those of Buttonwood (Fig. 447) are larger, and are here highly magnified besides. Tile figures show the way wood-cells are commonly put together, namely, witli their tapering ends overlapping each other, â spliced together, as it were, â thus giving more strength and toughness. In hard woods, such as Hickory and Oak, .the walls of these tubes are very thick, as well as dense; while in soft woods, such as White-Pine and Basswood, they are thinner. 411. Wood-cells in (he bark are generally longer, finer, and tougher than those of the proper wood, and appear more like fibres. For example. Fig. 446 represents a cell of the wood of Basswood of average length, and Fig. 444 one (and part of another) of the fibrous bark, both drawn to the same scale. As these long cells form the principal part of fibrous bark, or 6asf, they are named Bast-cells or Bast-fibres. These give the great tough- ness and flexibility to the inner bark of Basswood (i. e. Bast-wood) and of Leatherwood; and they furnish the invaluable fibres of ilax and hemp; the proper wood of their stems being tender, brittle, and de- stroyed by the processes which separate for use the tough and slender bast-cells. In Leather- wood (Dirca) the bast-cells are remarkably slender. A view of one, if magnified on tlie scale of Fig. 444, would be a foot and a half long. 412. The wood-cells of Pines, and more or less of all other Coniferous trees, have on two of their sides very peculiar disk-shaped markings (Fig. 44S-450) by which that kind of wood is recognizable. 413. Ducts, also called Vessels, are mostly larger than wood-cells: indeed, some of them, as in Red Oak, have calibre large enough to be discerned on a cross section by the naked eye. They make t
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Keywords: ., bookpublishernewyorkamericanboo, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1887
