. The breeds of live-stock : by live-stock breeders . Livestock. THE FAT Oh' LARD BRKEDS OF SWINE 417 nearly erect, although in the larger strains and in aged animals they frequently incline for\\ard. They should be well carried. The jowl is rather hca\-y, and the neck short, usually carrying considerahlc crest. The shoulder, back and rump are of good width, although the back is probably not quite so broad as that of the Poland-China. The ham is thickly meated, and is gener- ally somewhat trimmer in ai)pearaiice than that of the Poland-China. The Berkshire generally has good depth of body, and
. The breeds of live-stock : by live-stock breeders . Livestock. THE FAT Oh' LARD BRKEDS OF SWINE 417 nearly erect, although in the larger strains and in aged animals they frequently incline for\\ard. They should be well carried. The jowl is rather hca\-y, and the neck short, usually carrying considerahlc crest. The shoulder, back and rump are of good width, although the back is probably not quite so broad as that of the Poland-China. The ham is thickly meated, and is gener- ally somewhat trimmer in ai)pearaiice than that of the Poland-China. The Berkshire generally has good depth of body, and indications of a strong constitution. The bone is of excellent quality in the best specimens, and the animal usually stands well on its feet. The stand- ard color is black, with a white mark on the face, white on each foot, and ^ „ , , . , . hiG. 85. — Berkrihire sow. white on the tip of the tail. Sometimes, some of these white markings are absent, and sometimes white occurs on other parts of the body, such as a white blotch on the jowd, on the shoulder or else- where. The standard of excellence prepared by the American Berkshire Association does not discjualify an animal for defective markings, but in selecting breeding- stock, some breeders shun animals too freely marked with white. 505. Types. — The type of the Berkshires is affected by the methods of individual breeders, and, to some extent, by the market demands of the countries in which they are bred. In the United States there was a tendency for some time to breed a fine-boned, somewhat undersized type, emphasizing smoothness and quality rather than size. Fortunatelv, however, some of the leading American. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Gay, Carl Warren, 1877-. New York : Macmillan Co.
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