. Personal narrative of explorations and incidents in Texas, New Mexico, California, Sonora, and Chihuahua : connected with the United States and Mexican Boundary Commission, during the years 1850, '51, '52, and '53 . yposts on the frontier of the State of Sonora, the othersbeing Tucson, Fronteras, Babispe, Bacuachi, Tubac,Altar, San Carlos, and Hermosillo. It was formerly aplace of considerable importance, with about fifteenhundred inhabitants; but at present its populationdoes not exceed three hundred. It possesses a finevalley and bottom land of the richest soil, and is irri-gated by a smal
. Personal narrative of explorations and incidents in Texas, New Mexico, California, Sonora, and Chihuahua : connected with the United States and Mexican Boundary Commission, during the years 1850, '51, '52, and '53 . yposts on the frontier of the State of Sonora, the othersbeing Tucson, Fronteras, Babispe, Bacuachi, Tubac,Altar, San Carlos, and Hermosillo. It was formerly aplace of considerable importance, with about fifteenhundred inhabitants; but at present its populationdoes not exceed three hundred. It possesses a finevalley and bottom land of the richest soil, and is irri-gated by a small stream bearing its own name, whichhas its rise in springs about ten miles to the north, inthe beautiful valley through which we entered theplace. It is admirably adapted for the raising of 408 SANTA CRUZ cattle and horses, as well as for all kinds of , in particular, doesremarkably well here. TheChili Colorado (red pepper), of which such quantitiesare consumed in Mexico, grows here in perfection,and is said to be preferred on account of its superiorpiquancy to any raised in Sonora. The climate ismilder than in either the southern or northern partsof the State. In the winter it is subject to severe. Santa Cruz, Sonora. frosts, so that the river freezes and snow often lies onthe ground for several days. It is, however, a verysickly place, the inhabitants suffering from biliousfevers, in consequence of the proximity of a largemarsh three miles west of the town. Many were illat the time of my visit, and I was desirous to get awayas soon as possible. TO LA MAGDALENA. 409 This place has suffered more than any other on thefrontier from the inroads of -the Apaches, it being onthe principal route of communication with the interiorfrom the north, as well as with the settlements of thecivilized Indians. The place had become much re-duced and impoverished by the frequent incursions ofthe Apaches, which prevented the inhabitants fromcultivating the soil, except in the immediate
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