Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904), at right, French physiologist. Marey was an ingenious inventor of physiological instruments. In 1860 he devised a por
Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904), at right, French physiologist. Marey was an ingenious inventor of physiological instruments. In 1860 he devised a portable sphygmograph which could record the human pulse on smoked paper. In 1868 he showed that insect wings follow a basic pattern of eight movements by observing a fragment of gold leaf fixed to the wing tip of a fly. He first realised the value of scientific photography and in 1881 devised the first useful cine camera. By 1888 he had developed the chronophotographic gun, able to take pictures at a rate of 10-12 per second. Marey used it to record human and animal movements as a series of individual sequential frames.
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Keywords: camera, cine, etienne, etienne-jules, high-speed, marey, photo, physiologist, pioneer, portraits, surname
