Wilson's quarter century in photography : a collection of hints on practical photography which form a complete text-book of the art . Fig. 216 has the sliding front removed to show the is suspended in the picture about two-thirds of its properheight. It works in the slot of the diaphragm, and shouldwork very freely.—William R. Wright. I send a photograph of a very easily made shutter of myown contrivance (Fig. 217). Its construction will be understood at once. I find itconvenient on every occasion. It will act instantaneously ifyou desire it, and very slowly if you wish it. Moreover, i


Wilson's quarter century in photography : a collection of hints on practical photography which form a complete text-book of the art . Fig. 216 has the sliding front removed to show the is suspended in the picture about two-thirds of its properheight. It works in the slot of the diaphragm, and shouldwork very freely.—William R. Wright. I send a photograph of a very easily made shutter of myown contrivance (Fig. 217). Its construction will be understood at once. I find itconvenient on every occasion. It will act instantaneously ifyou desire it, and very slowly if you wish it. Moreover, itis easily made at little cost.—Col. Ottavio Baratti. A very ingenious stop, invented by Mr. Klein, the meritof which lies in its great simplicity, as well as in its perfectadaptation to the end to be obtained, is, viz: The motion isgiven by an India-rubber string (Fig. 218), more or lessdistended, according to the duration of time required. The opening is madeby an increasing and decreasing motion. The mounting of this stop is veryits volume does not exceed 19 x 12 centimetres (7J x 4| inches). It is placed. centrally,light, andbefore the OUTDOOR OPERATIONS. 213 The matter of exposure, however, must be treated separately furtlier the majority of subjects the well-known, old-fashioned drop or guillotine objective by means of three screws; a patch of black cloth attached to the socket of theobjective prevents the introduction of anyluminous rays except those which penetrate bythe opening of the stop itself.—Leox Vidal. Mr. Quidde has made good suggestions onthe action of instantaneous shutters, the aper-tures of which are of different shape. He givesthe following diagram. Fig. 219 shows a shutterwith a circular aperture of the size of the ob-jective. Fig. 220 shows a shutter with a squareaperture, the depth of which corresponds withthe diameter of the objective; and Fig. 221shows a shutter, the aperture of which is wider on the margins than in the centre. Thedistanc


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