. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. 194 THE CACTACEAE. horses. The wide distribution of the species is doubtless largely due to the fact that the joints are so easily scattered. A hybrid with 0. tortispina has been found in Kansas (Rose, No. 17132). The plant is of especial interest as the most northern in distribution of the opuntias. It is stated that Opuntia ccrvicornis Spath (Cat. 156. 1906-7) is "probably a hybrid of which 0. fragilis is a parent" (Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1907: App. 74. 1907). 0. sabinii (Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 147. 1837) was given as a synonym of 0. f
. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. 194 THE CACTACEAE. horses. The wide distribution of the species is doubtless largely due to the fact that the joints are so easily scattered. A hybrid with 0. tortispina has been found in Kansas (Rose, No. 17132). The plant is of especial interest as the most northern in distribution of the opuntias. It is stated that Opuntia ccrvicornis Spath (Cat. 156. 1906-7) is "probably a hybrid of which 0. fragilis is a parent" (Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1907: App. 74. 1907). 0. sabinii (Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 147. 1837) was given as a synonym of 0. fragilis. Illustrations: Cact. Journ. i: too; Diet. Card. Nicholson 2: f. 752; Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. f. 132; Gartenflora 30: 413; Pac. R. Rep. 4: pi. 12, f. 9; Riimpler, Sukkulenten f. 126; W. Watson, Cact. Cult. f. 78; Wiener Illustr. Gartenz. io:f. 113, all as Opuntia brachyarthra. Illustr. Fl. 2: f. 2532 ; ed. 2. 2: f. 2991; Pac. R. Rep. 4: pi. 24, f. 5. Plate xxxv, figure i, shows old and young joints of the plant collected by C. Birdseye at Florence, Montana, in 1910. Figure 239 is from a photograph of the plant taken by E. R. Warren at San Acacio, Colorado, in FIG. 239.—Opuntia fragilis. 217. Opuntia arenaria Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 301. 1856. Roots in clusters of 10 to 15, spindle-form, somewhat fleshy; stem prostrate, 2 to 3 dm. long, much branched; joints during growing season quite turgid, afterwards much thinner, 4 to 8 cm. long, half as broad as long; areoles large, numerous, filled with brown wool, glochids, and spines; spines 5 to 8 from an areole, 2 or 3 much longer than the others, sometimes 4 cm. long; flowers red, 7 cm. broad; fruit dry, spiny, 3 cm. long; seeds large, 7 cm. broad. Type locality: Sandy bottoms of the Rio Grande near El Paso. Distribution: Texas and southern New Mexico. This species is very rare and has been reported only a few times. Dr. Rose, who has repeatedly collected at El Paso, was never able to find it until Octob
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