. Railway mechanical engineer . er cent total maximum end bending moment therequisite section moduli of these sections becomes .75 M. iJ Z,., — Substituting the following numerical values: w=60 lb.;fc=72 in.; 6=102 in.; 6=30 deg., 2 Z reinforcement members = .00075 X 60 X 72s X 102 = 20,000 X 3 at a height of 24 in. above the floor. Based upon vertical end reinforcements fixed or rigidlyconnected at the ends, the required section modulus for uni-form section is given as X Z reinforcement members .75 MelS Mei = 2 K Me = 2 X X .0000257 w h3 b tan3 8Mel = .000694 w h1 b tan3 8 Subs


. Railway mechanical engineer . er cent total maximum end bending moment therequisite section moduli of these sections becomes .75 M. iJ Z,., — Substituting the following numerical values: w=60 lb.;fc=72 in.; 6=102 in.; 6=30 deg., 2 Z reinforcement members = .00075 X 60 X 72s X 102 = 20,000 X 3 at a height of 24 in. above the floor. Based upon vertical end reinforcements fixed or rigidlyconnected at the ends, the required section modulus for uni-form section is given as X Z reinforcement members .75 MelS Mei = 2 K Me = 2 X X .0000257 w h3 b tan3 8Mel = .000694 w h1 b tan3 8 Substituting the numerical values used in the previouscase. .75 X .000694 X 60 X 723 X 102 I Z reinforced members X 3 (To be continued.) = INTERLOCKING FENDERS AND COLLI-SION BUFFERS The problem of minimizing the effect of collisions and toprovide, if not immunity from telescoping, at least somethingnearly approaching it, has exercised the minds of Britishrailway engineers and experts for many years past; but the. The Interlocking Fenders as They Appear on the End of a Car 412 RAILWAY MECHANICAL ENGINEER Vol. 90, No. 8 necessity for further safeguards has been emphasized by themore recent accidents, involving loss of life and destructionof property. With the introduction of rolling stock of amuch heavier character, the danger has naturally been in-creased. What is required is a buffing and interlocking arrange-ment whereby, when the shock of collision comes, the under-names of cars may be prevented from getting out of aline-ment. The patent anti-collision buffers and interlockingbuffer fenders recently fitted to one of the London and Man- further security should be provided by the strengthening ofthe cars themselves. The ends are steel plated or armoredto prevent their being so suddenly telescoped in the event ofcollision as they would be if of the ordinary wooden , in the new armored coach, should the ends be forcedin, it would be the upper portion t


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