Text-book of structural and physiological botany . ing rhizome of Carex (greatly reduced). pales usually occurring in each flower ; and then the inner one is eitheradherent to the rachis, or, as in Cai^ex, is transformed into a sheathingbag or utricle enclosing the flower. Thegenera with hermaphrodite flowers areeither entirely destitute of a perianth, asCyperus (Fig. 466) and Cladiuin, or it iscomposed of bristles, either few in number,as in Scirpus .2<x\A Rhynchospora, or in largenumbers, and in that case forming a tuft ofhairs closely resembling cotton-wool spring-ing from the infloresce
Text-book of structural and physiological botany . ing rhizome of Carex (greatly reduced). pales usually occurring in each flower ; and then the inner one is eitheradherent to the rachis, or, as in Cai^ex, is transformed into a sheathingbag or utricle enclosing the flower. Thegenera with hermaphrodite flowers areeither entirely destitute of a perianth, asCyperus (Fig. 466) and Cladiuin, or it iscomposed of bristles, either few in number,as in Scirpus .2<x\A Rhynchospora, or in largenumbers, and in that case forming a tuft ofhairs closely resembling cotton-wool spring-ing from the inflorescence, as in the cotton-grass, Eriophorum. In Carex the maleflower consists of three stamens, the femaleflower of a tubular envelope, the utricle,surrounding the free ovary, which is gene-rally unilocular and one-seeded, but withthree stigmas (Fig. 467)., The fruit is acaryopsis ; the small embryo is surroundedby the floury endosperm. The rhi/ome of many Cyperacete is rich instarch and gelatine ; and that of Cyperus esculentus is used as an article. Fig. 466.—Flower of Cyperuslongus with the parts sepa-rated (magnified). 348 StriLcticral and Physiological Botany. of food in the South of Europe ; several species of Carex are offi-cinal. Papyrus antiquorum^ the papyrus of Egypt and Sicily, was thefirst material used as paper. [Principal genera :—Papyrus^ Cypertts^Eleocharis, Eriophorum^ Scirpus^ Isolepis^ Schcenus, Cladium^ Rhyncho-spora, Car I. II.
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