Heat engineering; a text book of applied thermodynamics for engineers and students in technical schools . ht of steam per card, 9 v 14400 = 0-°816 lbs. Average pressure at throttle 105 lbs. Barometric pressure lbs. Average of quality of steam 0. 99 • Average temperature of condensate 120° F. Average temperature of water leaving condenser. 105° F. Average temperature of water entering condenser. 85° F. Weight of condensing water used 94,240 lbs. Weight of water per pound of steam 40 lbs. 184 HEAT ENGINEERING Average results from indicator cards Point of admission at 1 per cent. Point o
Heat engineering; a text book of applied thermodynamics for engineers and students in technical schools . ht of steam per card, 9 v 14400 = 0-°816 lbs. Average pressure at throttle 105 lbs. Barometric pressure lbs. Average of quality of steam 0. 99 • Average temperature of condensate 120° F. Average temperature of water leaving condenser. 105° F. Average temperature of water entering condenser. 85° F. Weight of condensing water used 94,240 lbs. Weight of water per pound of steam 40 lbs. 184 HEAT ENGINEERING Average results from indicator cards Point of admission at 1 per cent. Point of cut-off at 2 25 per cent. Point of release at 3 90 per cent. Point of compression at 4 22 per cent. Abs. pressure at 1 48 lbs. per sq. in. Abs. pressure at 2 107 lbs. per sq. in. Abs. pressure at 3 37 lbs. per sq. in. Abs. pressure at 4 16 lbs. per sq. in. Work area during admission, Wa = 5-1-2-6 sq. in. Work area during expansion, Wb = 6-2-3-7 sq. in. Work area during exhaust, Wc = (3-10-8-7) — (9-4-10-8) sq. in. Work area during compression, Wd = — sq. Fig. 79.—Average indicator card from test for Hirns analysis. The results above have all been averaged from the variousreadings and cards. The head end and crank end have beenaveraged together although at times they are worked up sepa-rately the weight of steam being divided between the two endsin proportion to the total volume at the point of cut-off althoughthere is no true foundation for this method. Another methodof division may be used as shown by Clayton. See page 210. The first point to compute in Hirns analysis is the weight ofclearance steam per card, M0. At the point 4 steam is assumedto be dry. This has been indicated by experiments as far asthey have been tried although these experiments were difficult THE STEAM ENGINE 185 to perform and are not so reliable as would be desired. Withthis assumption 74 = M0v\ or M0 = ^ (15) V 4 V ± = total volume at 4 v\ = specific vo
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