The geology of soils and substrata, with special reference to agriculture, estates, and sanitation . ingford, and Maidenhead inBerkshire, at Dorchester in Oxfordshire, and Great Marlovv 3, Fine gravelly and loamy soil, 6 , Reddish-brown clayey loam, 2 feet. i, Gravel composed of smooth, ilatpebbles of limestone, subangularHints, etc., with seams of sand,seen to depth of 4 feet 6 inches. FIG. 15.— GRAVEL-PIT BETWEEN WRAXHILL FARM AND ALHAMPTOX,NEAR CASTLE CARY, SOMERSET. in Buckinghamshire. From Slough eastwards to Ilfordand Upminster there are large areas of loam or brickearththat have
The geology of soils and substrata, with special reference to agriculture, estates, and sanitation . ingford, and Maidenhead inBerkshire, at Dorchester in Oxfordshire, and Great Marlovv 3, Fine gravelly and loamy soil, 6 , Reddish-brown clayey loam, 2 feet. i, Gravel composed of smooth, ilatpebbles of limestone, subangularHints, etc., with seams of sand,seen to depth of 4 feet 6 inches. FIG. 15.— GRAVEL-PIT BETWEEN WRAXHILL FARM AND ALHAMPTOX,NEAR CASTLE CARY, SOMERSET. in Buckinghamshire. From Slough eastwards to Ilfordand Upminster there are large areas of loam or brickearththat have been extensively dug for brick-making, where notunder cultivation. Fruit and market gardening, as else-where noted (see p. 149), is largely carried on in thegravelly, sandy, and loamy areas of the older riverdeposits. The gravel tracts before mentioned, and those of Staines,Chertsey, Molesey, Twickenham, and Kew, are largelybuilt over ; but some of the lower terraceigravel-lands nearthe Thames are liable to be damp from the rising of a ~ 11 o o •- O e, L^^i^»v-» :.--^--^P^>vl * •?•. 208 GEOLOGY OF SOILS AND SUBSTRATA ground-water, which is more or less connected with thatof the river. In London itself, in old times, along the borders of theKingsland Road, much land was lowered—from 4 to10 feet—by the excavation of brickearth, and afterwardslevelled, ploughed, and laid down to grass.* Many of theold villages now incorporated in London were built onvalley gravel, from which supplies of water were for manyyears obtained. The valley deposits of the Trent afford good soils ofgravelly loam; and in the vale of York there is consider-able variety of superficial deposits: gravels and sands,loams and clays, some alluvial, some Glacial in origin,and these give rise in general to fertile soils. The estuarine beds of the Clyde (Clyde Valley Beds)consist of silt, sand and clay, often shelly, and they occurat elevations of 25 to 30 feet, sloping gently seawards. Bordering th
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectgeology, bookyear1912
