. Economic entomology for the farmer and the fruit grower, and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges;. Entomology; Pests. INSECTICIDES, PREVENTIVES, AND MACHINERY. 459 ten to fifteen foct. This nozzle has proved very satisfactory in orchard work, but has the disadvantage of clogging very much more readily than the cyclone, and of not clearing easily when it does clog. With a proper netting at the end of the suction pipe, the tendency to clog can be reduced to a minimum, and with a little practice in actual field work, the nozzle has proved satisfactory. The McGowen nozzle


. Economic entomology for the farmer and the fruit grower, and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges;. Entomology; Pests. INSECTICIDES, PREVENTIVES, AND MACHINERY. 459 ten to fifteen foct. This nozzle has proved very satisfactory in orchard work, but has the disadvantage of clogging very much more readily than the cyclone, and of not clearing easily when it does clog. With a proper netting at the end of the suction pipe, the tendency to clog can be reduced to a minimum, and with a little practice in actual field work, the nozzle has proved satisfactory. The McGowen nozzle is of yet a different type, and throws a fan-shaped spray the quantity of which can be varied by adjusting a spring which regu- lates the size of the opening. The nozzle has the advantage of being self-clearing,— that is to say, any obstruction which may lodge at the opening creates a pressure sufficient to overcome the strength of the spring, and the vent broadens sufficiently to allow the escape of anything that can get into the barrel of the nozzle. As soon as the obstruction is removed, the spring restores the opening as originally set. The peculiarities of this nozzle are that the spray can be thrown a much greater distance than with any of the types previously mentioned, and that the amount of liquid to be dis- charged can be regulated. It has certain advantages, therefore, in an orchard where large trees are to be treated, but it does not throw as fine a spray over so great a surface as the Vermorel. For spraying very large trees many growers have found a cheap graduating nozzle effecti\e. This is a cylinder with a large flared opening, through which a conical pin may be forced, even to its com- plete closure. When the pin is completely retracted, which is done by turning the barrel of the nozzle, a solid jet is thrown, and any intermediate grade between this and a tolerably fine spray may be readily obtained. For spraying shade-trees nothing. The McGoweii nozzle and


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectentomology, bookyear1