. An encyclopædia of agriculture : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and of the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture. ough at present they are mostlypeopled by savages. We shall notice these islands in the order of Sumatra, Borneo, theManillas, the Celebes, the Loochoo Isles, and the Moluccas. 1021. Sumatra is an island of great extent, with a climate more temperate than that ofBengal, a surface of mountains and plains, one third of which is covered with impervious
. An encyclopædia of agriculture : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and of the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture. ough at present they are mostlypeopled by savages. We shall notice these islands in the order of Sumatra, Borneo, theManillas, the Celebes, the Loochoo Isles, and the Moluccas. 1021. Sumatra is an island of great extent, with a climate more temperate than that ofBengal, a surface of mountains and plains, one third of which is covered with imperviousforests, and a soil consisting of a stratum of red clay, covered with a layer of black most important agricultural product is rice, which is grown both for home consump-tion and export. Next may be mentioned the cocoa-nut, the areca palm, or betel-nuttree, and the pepper. Cotton and coffee are also cultivated; and the native trees affordthe resin benzoin, cassia or wild cinnamon, rattans or small canes (^rundo Rbtan°), canesfor walkingsticks, turpentine, and gums; besides ebony, pine, sandal, teak, manchineel,iron wood, banyan, aloe, and other woods. M 2 164 HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE. Part 1. 1022. The pepper plant [Piper nigrum,jig. 135. a) is a slender climbing shrub,which alsoroots at the joints. It is extensively cultivatedat Sumatra, and the berries exported to everypart of the world. According to Marsden{Hist, of Sumatra), the ground chosen by theSumatrans for a peppei-garden is markedout into regular squares of six feet, the in-tended distance of the plants of which thereare usually a thousand in each garden. Thenext business is to plant the chinkareens,which serve as props to the pepper-vines,and are cuttings of a tree of that name, whichis of quick growth. When the chinkareenhas been some months planted, the mostpromising perpendicular shoot is reserved forgrowth, and the others lopped off: thisshoot, after it has acquired two fathoms inheight, is deemed suffi
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1871
