. A short history of England and the British Empire. nfollowers and barons. These aliens were often The Normanpermitted to live in castles, which in theory be- castles-longed to the king but were held by the barons on his castle was a combination of home,fortress, and camp. At first it wasmerely a fortified enclosure or a singlesquare building called a keep, built withmassive walls and several stories high;but in time a more elaborate form of cas-tle-building arose. The later castle wasan enclosure surrounded by a deep moatand a strong wall provided with towersat regular intervals to
. A short history of England and the British Empire. nfollowers and barons. These aliens were often The Normanpermitted to live in castles, which in theory be- castles-longed to the king but were held by the barons on his castle was a combination of home,fortress, and camp. At first it wasmerely a fortified enclosure or a singlesquare building called a keep, built withmassive walls and several stories high;but in time a more elaborate form of cas-tle-building arose. The later castle wasan enclosure surrounded by a deep moatand a strong wall provided with towersat regular intervals to facilitate the wall on the inside were placedthe necessary buildings: the lords hall,the chapel, the kitchen, the barns, thestables, the barracks for the retainers,and various other buildings. In this lit-tle fortress the lord kept a number ofwarriors, often mercenaries and in the Norman period usuallyforeigners, a force that served as a garrison and an army ofoccupation for the neighborhood. With the country dotted 1 Innes, I, Hawking A favorite form of amuse-ment of the Norman nobility-including the ladies. Thehawks were trained to assistin certain forms of the Luttrell Psalter,ca. 1340. 54 ENGLAND UNDER NORMAN RULE with such fortresses, a native uprising had only the slightestchance to succeed. 46. Dispossession of the English. The experience ofearlier kings had been that a vassal so well provided withmilitary strength might become a dangerous subject; but thecircumstances of the conquest forestalled such results in was with difficulty that William had persuaded his baronsto join in the invasion; he finally had to enter into a series ofseparate agreements with them, according to which they wereall to be rewarded with English lands and honors, each inConfiscation proportion to the assistance rendered. By dis-of land. possessing the Anglo-Saxon nobility much land was secured for distribution; but the Conqueror went farther andconfi
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