. Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology. THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF LIFE 19 plasm, but it is quite evident that such a term stands for no essen- tial morphological part of the cell, and we have no absolute criterion to distinguish between some granules which are regarded as meta- plasmic in nature and others which are ordinarily considered active elements of the cytoplasm. But there are various undoubtedly active bodies besides the nucleus in the cytoplasm. Chief among these are the centrosome which plays an essential part in cell reproduction, and the plastids, mitochondria, and golgi rodie
. Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology. THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF LIFE 19 plasm, but it is quite evident that such a term stands for no essen- tial morphological part of the cell, and we have no absolute criterion to distinguish between some granules which are regarded as meta- plasmic in nature and others which are ordinarily considered active elements of the cytoplasm. But there are various undoubtedly active bodies besides the nucleus in the cytoplasm. Chief among these are the centrosome which plays an essential part in cell reproduction, and the plastids, mitochondria, and golgi rodies which apparently are the seat of various special physiological activities. (Fig. 10.) The cytoplasm, since it forms the general groundwork, is that part of the cell which comes most closely into relations with the environment, and accordingly near the surface it is frequently Golgi bodies Centrosome 2 Nucleolus Linin Chromatin Plastid Vacuole. Cell wall Plasma-membrane Ectoplasm Endoplasm Hyaloplasm Mitochondria Metaplasm Fig. 10. — Diagram of a cell. modified somewhat in texture and consistency so that a definite outer region, or ectoplasm, may be distinguished from an inner, or endoplasm. The ectoplasm is limited externally by a plasma- memrrane just beneath the cell wall. The plasma-membrane is certainly a part of the living cytoplasm, while the cell wall must be regarded as non-living, though in many cases it is a direct transformation of the living material which grows and plays, in connection with the plasma-membrane, an important part in controlling the flow of matter and energy to and from the cell and its Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Woodruff, Lorande Loss, 1879-1947. New York The Macmillan company
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