New elements of operative surgery . es in diameter, and but four to six inches length. Itis rounded upon its lower side, and has channelled uponthe other a groove of considerable depth, (Fig. 25.) Oneend is shaped into a cleft plate with blunt edges, tobeused in securing certain bridles, such as the freenum of thetongue, which we are obliged to keep in a state of tension,while the surgeoli divides them. At the other end, thechannel of the grooved sound ends sometimes in a cul-de-sac, at other times without any stop. This sound,which is often substituted for the probe as an exploring 13 98 NEW
New elements of operative surgery . es in diameter, and but four to six inches length. Itis rounded upon its lower side, and has channelled uponthe other a groove of considerable depth, (Fig. 25.) Oneend is shaped into a cleft plate with blunt edges, tobeused in securing certain bridles, such as the freenum of thetongue, which we are obliged to keep in a state of tension,while the surgeoli divides them. At the other end, thechannel of the grooved sound ends sometimes in a cul-de-sac, at other times without any stop. This sound,which is often substituted for the probe as an exploring 13 98 NEW ELEMENTS OF OPERATIVE SURGERY. instrument, is principally used for directing the bistoury or thescissors into incisions in the neighborhood of organs which it is im-portant to avoid. We then hold it in the left hand as a lever ofthe first kind, the thumb being applied to the flat plate, and the fore-finger extended upon the middle portion, while the point serves tosupport or raise the parts, (Fig. 26.) It is used also to break down. those tissues that make but little resistance, or to detach and re-move certain vessels. In this case, the point of the sound ought tobe a little curved on its concave part; and the surgeon holds it ashe would a pen, taking care to keep it horizontal, and to commu-nicate to it, while pressing it firm, slight motions backwards andforwards. Upon this instrument, also, we pass the porte-ligatureprobes, and different meches, and cylindrical stems which it is im-portant to introduce through certain passages. It is, in fine, themost useful director instrument we have in surgery. The director also presents numerous varieties. Some persons,for example, approve of having it perforated near the point with(Fig. 27.) several holes. Others give to its groove a consider- (Fig. 28.) D able depth and a form nearly square, while, accord- wj) ing to some others, this groove should be triangularand nearly superficial; and others again prefer hav-ing it in form of a gu
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