. Diseases of the nervous system . ring and other spastic disturbances ofspeech is essentially of most recent date, I shall permit myself in this articleto discuss this investigation somewhat minutely. In normal speech, inhala-tion through the open mouth is brief and inaudible; expiration takes placein the same way, but it is the vehicle of speech, and therefore much respiration differs decidedly from normal rest respiration, which, asis well known, takes places through the nose, and during which the durationof inspiration about equals the duration of expiration (I—§ E). These re
. Diseases of the nervous system . ring and other spastic disturbances ofspeech is essentially of most recent date, I shall permit myself in this articleto discuss this investigation somewhat minutely. In normal speech, inhala-tion through the open mouth is brief and inaudible; expiration takes placein the same way, but it is the vehicle of speech, and therefore much respiration differs decidedly from normal rest respiration, which, asis well known, takes places through the nose, and during which the durationof inspiration about equals the duration of expiration (I—§ E). These rela-tions are best shown by employing Mareys pneumograph or similar 338 NATURE AND TREATMENT OF DISTURBANCES OF SPEECH In all such apparatus the principle of transmission depends upon the factthat an air capsule pressed over the epigastrium, and thus dilating the cir-cumference, transmits this pressure by means of a rubber tube to an ordinaryMarey or Engelmann sphygmograph. If it is directly transmitted, inspiration. Respiration during rest. Sighing. Rest. Stuttering. Rest. Fig. 147.—Stuttering in a girl, aged 21. The period of time, two seconds, is indicated over thecurve. The respiratory curve was taken with the Gutzmann-Oehmecke girdle pneumograph. causes a movement of the writing lever upward, if indirectly transmitted itproduces a downward motion. The curve here reproduced has been taken bya girdle pneumograph which I invented, and shows the interchange of inspira-tion and expiration in rest, subsequently the very distinct differentiation ofthis process of respiration in speech. It will be noted that speech expiration
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