. The student's American history . crossed the Rapidan just aboveFredericksburg and entered the tangled forest of the *• Wilder-ness, — a region tilled with a gloom like that of the shadowof death. Seated on a log in that desolate region. Granttelegraphed to Sherman to advance at once against Johnston (§ 490)- 1^64.] THE WAR OF SECESSION. 445 Meanwhile Grant had sent General Butler with a forcenearly 40,000 strong up the James River to threaten Richmondfrom the south, while another Union army of 20,000 mencommanded by General Hunter was sent up the Shenandoah\alley to threaten the Confederate
. The student's American history . crossed the Rapidan just aboveFredericksburg and entered the tangled forest of the *• Wilder-ness, — a region tilled with a gloom like that of the shadowof death. Seated on a log in that desolate region. Granttelegraphed to Sherman to advance at once against Johnston (§ 490)- 1^64.] THE WAR OF SECESSION. 445 Meanwhile Grant had sent General Butler with a forcenearly 40,000 strong up the James River to threaten Richmondfrom the south, while another Union army of 20,000 mencommanded by General Hunter was sent up the Shenandoah\alley to threaten the Confederate capital from the west. Theenemy bottled up Butler on a peninsula on the James River,and drove out theUnion force fromthe ShenandoahValley, so that inthe end Grant hadto rely entirely onhis own army. Grant had anetYective force of11S,000 men, ornearly twice asmany as Lees en-tire force, count-ing the reserveheld at Rich-mond ; ^ but Leehad the immenseadvantage ofknowincr evervfoot of the diffi-cult ground, andas fast as he was. SCALE OF MILES. oO 1(10 driven from one line of intrenchments he had another ready tofall back upon.^~ The battle of the -Wilderness (iSIay 6-7, 1864) was adesperate two days encounter, in which neither side couldshow any positive gain. The combatants fought in a laby-rinth of woods where they scarcely saw each other. Thelosses on both sides were fri£:htful. 446 THE students AMERICAN HISTORY. [1864. 493. Spottsylvania; Cold Harbor; change of base;Petersburg.—Two days later, Grant, in making the attempt toget between Lee and Richmond, had to fight the battle ofSpottsylvania Court House (May 9, 10, 1864). Again theUnion army suffered terribly ; but the Union commander, in nowise discouraged, telegraphed to Washington: I propose tofight it out on this line, if it takes all summer. ^?^ But eventhe conqueror of Vicksburg found that he could not continue toadvance on that line further than the North Anna River. He thenswung round to the Pamunkey and adv
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