History of India . to him at the deathof great Lords and Favourites, who make the MoghulHeir to what they had gotten by his favour; insomuchthat the Children have no hope to enjoy ought of theirFathers Estates, either EeaU or Personal!. For theMoghuls Authority is such, and his Power so absolute,that the Estates of all his Subjects are at Ms is no hereditary Dignity in all his country. Thatof Easgi or Eaja, which he bestows rather upon the ac-compt of Merit, than Birth, is Personal!, as that of Chanin Persia, and is not derivd to Posterity, but by therecommendation of Vertue. No
History of India . to him at the deathof great Lords and Favourites, who make the MoghulHeir to what they had gotten by his favour; insomuchthat the Children have no hope to enjoy ought of theirFathers Estates, either EeaU or Personal!. For theMoghuls Authority is such, and his Power so absolute,that the Estates of all his Subjects are at Ms is no hereditary Dignity in all his country. Thatof Easgi or Eaja, which he bestows rather upon the ac-compt of Merit, than Birth, is Personal!, as that of Chanin Persia, and is not derivd to Posterity, but by therecommendation of Vertue. Not that it is to be inferrdhence, that the Moghul does exclude from Charges theChildren of such as have done him good service; but he 98 SHAH JAHAN gives them lesser charges by which they may advancethemselves to the Chiefest in the Kingdome, if eitheran extraordinary Vertue or the Princes Favour callthem thereto. Mandelslo also describes the daUy levees of theemperor, his appearance in the gallery at sunrise, when. EHINOCEROB Eonsselets India. the nobility salute him with their Patsehach Sala-met, at noon when he comes to see the beasts fight,and at sunset; but it does not appear that the G-ermantraveller was personally received at court. Agra was a very densely inhabited city at this time, of such extent and so populous, that were there anecessity, there might be raisd out of it two himdred THE MOGHUL AKMY 99 thousand men able to bear Armes. There is no Nationin all the East but hath some commerce or other at thisplace; but most of the inhabitants are Mahumetans,and all the Merchandizes that are imported into it, orexported out of it, pay ten in the hundred. The mus-ter of the Moghul army has often been a matter ofdispute, but Mandelslo gives a detailed account of theforce commanded by Shah Jahan in 1630, which num-bered no less than 144,500 horse, besides elephants,camels, and the like. The soldiers were armed withbows and arrows, javelins or pikes, scimitars, and
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