. Australian Garden and Field. Atlgust, 1913 THE GARDEiN AJ^D FIELD. 105 whilst all soil should be in a (.lanip I'oiulition during wiiUcr, it siiouUl never remain saturated for any Icngllj of time, as it so the roots will be in- jured, and the tree damaged more or less, either in its strength or bearing powers. Surface draining can be easily arranged for by means of the plough, and possibly the use of a spade or scoop here and there where any ridges occur to hold up water. Water should neither rush over land nor stagnate upon it. Careful thought of the actual requirements of various trees duri
. Australian Garden and Field. Atlgust, 1913 THE GARDEiN AJ^D FIELD. 105 whilst all soil should be in a (.lanip I'oiulition during wiiUcr, it siiouUl never remain saturated for any Icngllj of time, as it so the roots will be in- jured, and the tree damaged more or less, either in its strength or bearing powers. Surface draining can be easily arranged for by means of the plough, and possibly the use of a spade or scoop here and there where any ridges occur to hold up water. Water should neither rush over land nor stagnate upon it. Careful thought of the actual requirements of various trees during winter months should furnish a clue to the safest method of working and arranging the svirface soil. â Burgundy Mixture. â Burgundy Mixture is a good sub- stitute for Bordeaux, is easily made, easily applied, and is inexpensive. The formula recomended is: Sulphate of copper (bluestone), 4 lb.; carbon- ate of soda (washing soda), 5 lb.; w^atcr, 22 gallons. Dissolve each in- gredient separately in 2 gallons of water. When dissolved, add water to make up 22 gallons. Add the soda first, then keep the solution constant- ly stirred whilst adding the bluestone solution. The spray sticks better than Bordeaux, but it is advisable to add about J4 lb. of treacle to the mixture before use. â Tree Stumps. â <â The following is recommended for destroying tree stumps without blast- ing: "Bore holes in them i inch in diameter to a point somewhat beyond the centre. The holes should be three parts filled with saltpetre and then filled up with water and tightly cork- ed. After three months have passed remove the corks, fill the holes with kerosene and then set on fire. By this means they will gradually smoul- der ; â Vine Pruning. â There are two points to remember in vine pruning. Too early pruning may induce the buds tti prematurely swell and break into leaf, with the risk of the damaging of the young growth by subsequent frost. This danger cannot, of course,-be alto
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