. Wild oxen, sheep & goats of all lands, living and extinct . were well-nigh extirpated. In 1870 forty wolves, onebear, and five lynxes were accounted for ; while in the following year thenumber killed comprised sixty-three wolves, one bear, and five lynxes. Acommission which visited the forest in 1871 took especial pains in theformation ot plans for the destruction of the carnivora, with the result thatwolves became so scarce that in 1889 only one, in 1890 five, and 1891 six,were all that could be killed. In the official tables the number of bison 76 Oxen killed by wolves and bears is approxi
. Wild oxen, sheep & goats of all lands, living and extinct . were well-nigh extirpated. In 1870 forty wolves, onebear, and five lynxes were accounted for ; while in the following year thenumber killed comprised sixty-three wolves, one bear, and five lynxes. Acommission which visited the forest in 1871 took especial pains in theformation ot plans for the destruction of the carnivora, with the result thatwolves became so scarce that in 1889 only one, in 1890 five, and 1891 six,were all that could be killed. In the official tables the number of bison 76 Oxen killed by wolves and bears is approximately given ; and it appears that inthe earlier years from six to eight bison not uncommonly fell annually towolves, while in one year bears accounted for five. From the years 1873to 1893 only ten head are known to have been destroyed by the formermarauders. Indeed, for the last twenty years the devastation to the herdcaused by wild animals may be regarded as of no practical regard to epidemics, there is no doubt that the herd has suffered. Fig. 15.— Dead European Bison. From Prince Demidoffs Hunting Trips in the Ctiiicisiis. much trom diseases ot this nature. It appears, however, that bison enjoyan immunity both from rinderpest and the so-called Siberian pest ; domesticcattle afflicted with these diseases having on several occasions come intocontact with their wild cousins in the forest. Another disease, formerlyattributed to the ill-effects of a certain grass growing in the Bielowitzaswamps, is now ascertained to be due to liver-fiuke. Generally thisdisease does not do much harm, but in 1884, and again in 1892, itassumed a virulent and almost epidemic form ; in the former year European Bison 77 nine, and in the latter upwards of twenty head tailing victims to thisscourge. Passing over certain losses attributed to the bad condition of the fodderin some years, we may conclude with a brief reference to the authorsviews as to the gradual waning of the Lithuania
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