First lesson in zoology : adapted for use in schools . eveins, one from either side; these veinsare called the Cuvierian ducts. Fur-thermore, a large vein, the sole repre-FiG. 141.—Circulation of the blood j. .. » ., j? i,- i, in a bony fish, au, auriele; ven, sentative of the vena cam of higher ver-ventriole; fcir, bulbus arterio- tebrates, passes from the liver, near itssus; no, aorta; 6a, one of the .^ . , , , ., . ,. four branchial arteries which anterior end, through the pericardium, SJS-ds^.SSte toS af «°d empties into the Cuvierian ducts descending aorta (dao); pc, por- near their commo
First lesson in zoology : adapted for use in schools . eveins, one from either side; these veinsare called the Cuvierian ducts. Fur-thermore, a large vein, the sole repre-FiG. 141.—Circulation of the blood j. .. » ., j? i,- i, in a bony fish, au, auriele; ven, sentative of the vena cam of higher ver-ventriole; fcir, bulbus arterio- tebrates, passes from the liver, near itssus; no, aorta; 6a, one of the .^ . , , , ., . ,. four branchial arteries which anterior end, through the pericardium, SJS-ds^.SSte toS af «°d empties into the Cuvierian ducts descending aorta (dao); pc, por- near their common auricular orifice. ^ndLfveMcVenacf^lNa: The brain should be exposed from kidney. above by carefully removing by a knife the skin and thin bones covering the brain-cavity. Beginning in front, we notice the minute olfactory lobes and the olfactory nerves proceeding to the nasal cavities. Behind the olfactory lobes lie in succession the cerebral hemispheres (H), optic lobes (Q), tbe single cerebellum (CJ), and, lastly, the raedullH oblongata ( ANIMALS WITH A BACKBONE. 135 A general idea of the two body-cavities, the nervous and visceral,will be obtained by cutting the flsh through transversely. The ner-vous cord is seen to lie above the vertebral column, the nervous canalbeing formed by the interarching spinous process. Below the verte-bral column is the large cavity containing the heart, stomach, etc.,while the rest of the section is occupied by muscles. The noises produced by certain fishes are due to theaction of the pneumatic duct or air-passage and swimming-bladder (Fig. 143, S, a), though different kinds of noisesare made accidentally or involuntarily by the-lips or thebones of the mouth, as in the tench, carp, and a large num-ber of other fishes. Over fifty species of fish are known toproduce sounds of some sort. The swimming-bladders of
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectzoology, bookyear1894
