Practice of medicine : a manual for students and practitioners . ould digestion beimpaired by iodine, the remedy may be substituted by hydro-chloric acid, nux vomiea, condurango, or the aromatic tinctureof rhubarb. Tuberculosis of the kidney : See Tuberculosis. Syphilis of the kidney: See Syphilis. NEPHRITIS. 379 NEPHRITIS; BRIGHT S DISEASE. Etiology: Not clear. Some investigators believe the diseaseto be due to micro-organisms ; others attribute it to toxins orchemical poisons. Probably both view- are correct. Somecases are caused by ptomaines, toxalbumins, acetone (vonJaksch); and cases may
Practice of medicine : a manual for students and practitioners . ould digestion beimpaired by iodine, the remedy may be substituted by hydro-chloric acid, nux vomiea, condurango, or the aromatic tinctureof rhubarb. Tuberculosis of the kidney : See Tuberculosis. Syphilis of the kidney: See Syphilis. NEPHRITIS. 379 NEPHRITIS; BRIGHT S DISEASE. Etiology: Not clear. Some investigators believe the diseaseto be due to micro-organisms ; others attribute it to toxins orchemical poisons. Probably both view- are correct. Somecases are caused by ptomaines, toxalbumins, acetone (vonJaksch); and cases may be caused by uric acid, cieatin, xan-thin, and also by cantharides and other poisons. Interstitialnephritis has been produced experimentally, in the dog, bythe subcutaneous injection of oxalic acid and oxamide (Ebsteinand Nicolaier). Most cases of nephritis are attributed to the infections, in-cluding colds. Pregnancy often plays a prominent rdle. Classification of nephritis: After Pel, of Amsterdam, asgiven by Whittaker: 1 -Acute Nephritis 2-Chronic Nephritis. 3-Renal Cirrhosis General degenerative/arteriosclerosis(frequent) Chronic hemorrhagic Nephritis j(not frequent) Spotted or smooth small whiteor secondary shrunken kidney(very frequent) Genuine (inflammatory)Interstitial nephritis(most frequent) Three Varieties of Brights disease are generally accepted:acute nephritis, chronic nephritis, and renal cirrhosis. Be-sides these there are transition-forms, as indicated in theabove table. Acute Parenchymatous Nephritis. Etiology: Acute parenchymatous nephritis is caused by theexcretion of some poison through the kidneys. Typical acuteinflammation of the kidney may be produced by parenchymatous nephritis is most frequently caused bytoxins, toxalbumins, in the course of or following the infec- 380 DISEASES OF THE QENITO- URINARY ORGANS. tious diseases, especially scarlet fever and diphtheria; lessfrequently measles, rotheln, smallpox, pneumonia; rarelytyphoid fev
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