. The boy travellers in the Russian empire: adventures of two youths in a journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with accounts of a tour across low or accompany himinto exile at government expense, but they cannot return to EuropeanRussia until he is personally free to do so. This permission is denied inthe cases of the worst criminals who are sentenced to hard labor andmust leave their families behind. Figures I was glancing at this morn-ing show that in one year 16,889 personswere sent to Siberia, accompanied by1080 women and children over fifteenyears old, and by 1269 under that
. The boy travellers in the Russian empire: adventures of two youths in a journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with accounts of a tour across low or accompany himinto exile at government expense, but they cannot return to EuropeanRussia until he is personally free to do so. This permission is denied inthe cases of the worst criminals who are sentenced to hard labor andmust leave their families behind. Figures I was glancing at this morn-ing show that in one year 16,889 personswere sent to Siberia, accompanied by1080 women and children over fifteenyears old, and by 1269 under that the whole number of exiles mentioned,1700 were sentenced to hard labor, and1624 were drunkards and tramps. Thestatus of the rest is not given, but theywere probably sentenced to various termsof deportation without labor. I should say further, in regard tothis family matter, that an exile is re-garded as a dead man in the place from which he is sent, and his wife, if she remains in Europe, is legally a wid-ow, and may marry again if she chooses. The wifeless man in Siberia isurged to marry and become the head of a family, and whenever he mar-. BANISHED FOR THREE YEARS. LIFE IN THE MINES. 319 ries, the Government gives him a grant of land and aids him in establisli-ing a home. As long as an exile conducts himself properly, and doesnot try to escape, he does not find existence in Siberia particularly dread-ful, provided, of course, he has not been sent to hard labor, and the offi-cers in charge of him are not of a cruel disposition. Frank asked what work was done by those sentenced to hard labor, andhow the men lived who were simply exiles and had not a labor sentenceattached. Those sentenced to katorga, or hard labor, are employed in mines oron roads, and in mills and factories of various kinds. Several years ago anorder was issued that exiles should no longer be kept at work in mines,but I am told on pretty good authority that this humane decree has beenrevoked since the
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