. The street railway review . ough two states, three counties, three cities,across two suspension bridges and two rivers, all for fivecents, over the lines of the South Covington & CincinnatiStreet Railroad Company. (j^tud^lf^oilw^S^eA^^ 187 THE COMMERCIAL ADVANTAGE OFQUICK STOPS. The advantage of an improved brake is usually con-sidered simply from the emergency aspect. The partthat quick service stops play in the daily schedule anddaily earnings of a car is nearly as important as theemergency consideration. This has been clearly demon-strated where improved brakes have been put in everyday o
. The street railway review . ough two states, three counties, three cities,across two suspension bridges and two rivers, all for fivecents, over the lines of the South Covington & CincinnatiStreet Railroad Company. (j^tud^lf^oilw^S^eA^^ 187 THE COMMERCIAL ADVANTAGE OFQUICK STOPS. The advantage of an improved brake is usually con-sidered simply from the emergency aspect. The partthat quick service stops play in the daily schedule anddaily earnings of a car is nearly as important as theemergency consideration. This has been clearly demon-strated where improved brakes have been put in everyday operation. In this connection it is proper to investi-gate the matter of emergency stops as made in air braketests conducted on steam roads. These will hold goodfor street railroads as long as the rails are dry. In theaccompanying diagram the line beginning at E is atypical speed curve of a steam train making an emer-gency stop. This curve is an approximate average of anumber of curves taken from the report of P. H. Dudley. OlSTfiNCe IN rCIET Hitz who carried on the famous air brake tests on the NewYork Central at Karner, N. Y., in September pressure on the brake shoes was 70 per cent of theweight of the train. This is the standard pressureadopted by the Master Car Builders Association. Thedistance required to stop from a speed of twenty milesan hour is 88 feet as shown by the line beginning at E inthe diagram. Three-fourths of this distance is requiredto reduce the speed from 20 to 10 miles an hour. If thepressure could be varied on the brake shoes so that theretarding power would be the same from 20 to 10 milesan hour as it is from ten miles an hour to zero, astop could be made in 35 feet as represented bythe line T. This of course is a somewhat theoreticalcondition, but there are some brakes on the marketto-day with which it is possible for the motorman tocarry out this principle in a crude way, if he is properlyeducated, by applying the brakes hardest at first
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