. Easy steps in architecture and architectural drawing .. . ir very shortcomings, they ac-cord with the dark fantastic spirit of the heathen creedsof Hindostan. 14. With a view to the preservation of the relics ofBuddha, or of priests and kings who were consideredas sacred, dagobas of various sizes were constructed,called in the vernacular Topes, from the Sanscrit stupa(tumulus) i. e. body-hiding (Fig. 7). They consist ofa cylinder-shaped substructure with pilasters, on whichrests a second substructure without pilasters, supporting EASY LESSONS IN 91 a superstructure like a cupol
. Easy steps in architecture and architectural drawing .. . ir very shortcomings, they ac-cord with the dark fantastic spirit of the heathen creedsof Hindostan. 14. With a view to the preservation of the relics ofBuddha, or of priests and kings who were consideredas sacred, dagobas of various sizes were constructed,called in the vernacular Topes, from the Sanscrit stupa(tumulus) i. e. body-hiding (Fig. 7). They consist ofa cylinder-shaped substructure with pilasters, on whichrests a second substructure without pilasters, supporting EASY LESSONS IN 91 a superstructure like a cupola. The upper part of thisspheroidal dome is in every instance destroyed, and itis consequently impossible to discover what furtheradornment crowned the whole edifice. The cupola con-struction is, however, only external, for the interior con-sists entirely of massive masonry, with the exception ofsome small spaces, in which, for the most part, werefound valuables, such as jewels and coins of the periodof from 100 b. c. to 600 a. d. This cupola form is con-. Pig. 7. TOPEJ OR STUPA. sidered to typify the water-bubble (which was held V»jthe Buddhists to be the symbol of earthly transitori-ness), inasmuch as the art of vaulting was still unknown,and the massive masonry only assumes that shape in theexterior, 15. Many such monuments are to be found in theislands of the Indian Archipelago, especially in theisland of Java; as particularly noteworthy may be mez:»tioned those of Brambanan and Boro-Budor, which^however, are supposed to have been erected not earlierthan 1100-1300 A. d. A great number of them are to be 92 EASY LESSONS IN ARCHITECTURE found on the Indus at Monikyala and Beloor, and alsoin Cabul, on both sides of the highway which leads fromIndia to Persia and Bactria. As mentioned above, similar dagobas of small dimen-sions, proportionate to the size of the construction, areerected in the sanctuaria of the temples. \m W =r= ■ : ,. • J :...
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