A practical treatise on medical diagnosis : for students and physicians . us, or when a foreign body is present. The Data Obtained by Observation. Objective Symptoms. The objective symptoms are determinedby inspection and palpation. Inspection of the exterior of the larynxreveals the presence of swelling, and the movements of the organ as awhole. Local swelling of the tissues over the larynx may occur ininflammations of the cartilages; they are usually of syphilitic origin,but may attend carcinoma or follow tumor. There is more or less •;; SPECIAL DIAGNOSIS. marked swelling in inflammati
A practical treatise on medical diagnosis : for students and physicians . us, or when a foreign body is present. The Data Obtained by Observation. Objective Symptoms. The objective symptoms are determinedby inspection and palpation. Inspection of the exterior of the larynxreveals the presence of swelling, and the movements of the organ as awhole. Local swelling of the tissues over the larynx may occur ininflammations of the cartilages; they are usually of syphilitic origin,but may attend carcinoma or follow tumor. There is more or less •;; SPECIAL DIAGNOSIS. marked swelling in inflammation of the cartilages, which after a time fluctuates, and when opened discharges pus and necrosed objective signs of inflammation are noted. The movement of the larynx is increased in eases of dyspnoea. Tt isaccompanied by recession of the spaces above the sternum and the clavi-cles, with clonic contraction of the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle. The interior of the larynx is studied by inspection (laryngoscopy),and by palpation (probe or fingers). Km. Laryngeal mirror in position, displaying the laryngeal image. (Cohen.) Laryngoscopy. In order to conduct laryngoscopy it is necessaryfirst to have a good light. This may be direct sunlight, a good stu-dents-lamp, or an Argand gas-burner. Electricity is not , a good reflector is required. It may be attached to a head-bandor a spectacle-frame. It should be concave for artificial light, plain forsunlight, and should be pierced in the centre. Third, laryngeal mirrorsof different sizes and a curved probe complete the instruments necessaryfor examination of the larynx. DISEASES OF THE NOSE AND LARYNX. 207 Examination. The patient is seated with the source of light at oneside and behind him; the head and shoulders are brought well forwardand the head slightly raised. The operator takes a seat in front of thepatient at a proper distance for the focal length of the reflector, andfocnsses the light on t
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